Chapter 5: Fluid Mechanics

Question 1

Archimedes’ Principle

Answer 1

An immersed body is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces (for both liquids and gasses)

Question 2

Atmospheric Pressure

Answer 2

The pressure exerted against bodies immersed in the atmosphere resulting from the weight of the air pressing down from above. At sea level, atmospheric pressure is about 101 kPa (kilopascals)

Question 3

Barometer

Answer 3

Any device that measures atmospheric pressure

Question 4

Bernoulli’s Principle

Answer 4

The pressure in a fluid moving steadily without friction or external energy input decreases when the fluid velocity increases

Question 5

Boyle’s Law

Answer 5

The product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given mass of confined gas regardless of changes in either pressure or volume individually, so long as the temperature remains unchanged.

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 6

Buoyant Force

Answer 6

The net upward force that a fluid exerts on an immersed object

Question 7

Density

Answer 7

The amount of matter per unit volume

d=m/v d=g/mL d=g/cm^3

Question 8

Pascal’s Principle

Answer 8

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid at rest is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid

Question 9

Pressure

Answer 9

The ratio of force to the area over which that force is distributed

P=force/area units Newtons/meters^2

Liquid P= weight densityXdepth

Question 10

Principle of Flotation

Answer 10

When an object on a fluid floats because it has displaced a weight of fluid equal to its own weight