Chapter 5 lesson 1 Flashcards
what are the three system within the human body
Nervous system, skeletal system, muscular system.
kinetic chain
A concept that describes the human body as a chain of interdependent links that work together to perform movement. (Muscles, bones, joints and nerves.)
what is a neuron
Specialized cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system.
what are “nerves” in the body made of
nerves are known as a grouping or neurons that are connected throughout the body that give and take information and signals sent through whats known as dendrites and terminals.
What are organelles?
Tiny cellular structures that perform specific functions within a cell.
Can you name some examples of organelles?
Examples include nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum.
What are effector sites?
Effector sites are parts of the body, such as muscles or organs, that receive signals from neurons to produce physiological responses.
Electrolytes
Minerals that have an electrical charge to help transmit nerve impulses throughout the body, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium.
What does CNS stand for?
CNS stands for the central nervous system.
What are the main components of the central nervous system?
The main components of the CNS are the brain and the spinal cord.
What is the primary function of the central nervous system?
The primary function of the CNS is to coordinate the activity of all parts of the body.
What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?
The PNS consists of nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body and the external environment.
What is the role of the nerves in the PNS?
The nerves of the PNS allow the CNS to receive sensory input, integrate the information, and send a response to the rest of the body.
how many peripheral nerves does the spine and cranial (brain area) consist of?
31 pairs of spinal and 12 cranial nerves.
What is an afferent pathway?
A sensory pathway that relays information to the central nervous system.
Where are interneurons located?
Interneurons are only located within the spinal cord and the brain.
What is the function of interneurons?
They transmit impulses between the afferent and efferent neurons.
What are mechanoreceptors?
Specialized structures that respond to mechanical forces (touch and pressure) within tissues and then transmit signals through sensory nerves.
your bodies response to an involuntary movement that you were not aware of is called what
Reflex
what is the autonomic nervous system
nerves that are apart of the PNS in charge of involuntary processes (circulating blood, breathing, digesting food)
what is the somatic nervous system
Nerves that serve the outer areas of the body and skeletal muscle and are largely responsible for the voluntary control of movement.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that works to increase neural activity and put the body in a heightened state.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
Subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that works to decrease neural activity and put the body in a more relaxed state.
What is sensory function?
Ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment.
