Chapter 5 The Human Body

Question 1

The major artery in the forearm; it is palpable at the wrist on the thumb side.

Answer 1

radial artery

Question 2

The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy.

Answer 2

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 3

The upper jawbones that assist in the formation of the orbit, the nasal cavity, and the palate and hold the upper teeth.

Answer 3

maxillae

Question 4

The large muscle that covers the front of the humerus.

Answer 4

biceps

Question 5

The area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum, surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life, such as respiration.

Answer 5

brain stem

Question 6

The straightening of a joint.

Answer 6

extension

Question 7

The primary female reproductive organs that produce an ovum, or egg, that, if fertilized, will develop into a fetus.

Answer 7

ovaries

Question 8

The organs that control the discharge of certain waste materials filtered from the blood and excreted as urine.

Answer 8

urinary system

Question 9

The canal that conveys urine from the bladder to outside the body.

Answer 9

urethra

Question 10

The spermatic duct of the testicles; also called vas deferens.

Answer 10

vasa deferentia

Question 11

Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with assistance from another person, such as an EMT.

Answer 11

ventilation

Question 12

The tubes that connect each ovary with the uterus and are the primary location for fertilization of the ovum.

Answer 12

fallopian tubes

Question 13

Further inside the body and away from the skin.

Answer 13

deep

Question 14

A body part of condition that appears on both sides of the midline.

Answer 14

bilateral

Question 15

The system that controls virtually all activities of the body, both voluntary and involuntary.

Answer 15

nervous system

Question 16

The small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication.

Answer 16

synovial fluid

Question 17

The bone of the lower jaw.

Answer 17

mandible

Question 18

To straighten.

Answer 18

extend

Question 19

The upper quarter of the sternum.

Answer 19

manubrium

Question 20

Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges.

Answer 20

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 21

The opaque, sticky secretion of the mucous membranes that lubricates the body openings.

Answer 21

mucus

Question 22

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 22

aerobic metabolism

Question 23

The tiny blood vessels between the arterioles and venules that permit transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between body tissues and the blood.

Answer 23

capillary vessels

Question 24

The bone on the thumb side of the forearm.

Answer 24

radius

Question 25

The controlling organ of the body and center of consciousness; functions include perception, control of reactions to the environment, emotional responses, and judgment.

Answer 25

brain

Question 26

The nasal cavity; formed by the union of facial bones and protects the respiratory tract from contaminants.

Answer 26

nasopharynx

Question 27

The forward facing part of the hand in anatomic position.

Answer 27

palmar

Question 28

Motion of a limb toward the midline.

Answer 28

adduction

Question 29

Cells that carry oxygen to the body's tissues; also called erythrocytes.

Answer 29

red blood cells

Question 30

The principal artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, and legs. It can be palpated in the groin area.

Answer 30

femoral artery

Question 31

The lining of body cavities and passages that communicate directly or indirectly with the environment outside the body.

Answer 31

mucous membranes

Question 32

The eye socket, made up of the maxilla and zygoma.

Answer 32

orbit

Question 33

Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline. the term also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine.

Answer 33

adrenergic

Question 34

Parts of the body that lie closer to the midline; also call inner structures.

Answer 34

medial

Question 35

Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer 35

adrenal glands

Question 36

Nerve tissue that is continuous inferiorly with the spinal cord; serves as a conduction pathway for the ascending and descending nerve tracts; coordinates heart rate, blood vessel diameter, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing.

Answer 36

medulla oblongata

Question 37

The pressure of water to move, typically into the capillary, as the result of the presence of plasma proteins.

Answer 37

oncotic pressure

Question 38

The lowermost end of the colon.

Answer 38

rectum

Question 39

A neurotransmitter and drug sometimes used in the treatment of shock; produces vasoconstriction through its alpha-stimulator properties.

Answer 39

norepinephrine

Question 40

A type of joint that has grown together forming a very stable connection.

Answer 40

symphysis

Question 41

A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of the thigh, just below the hip joint.

Answer 41

greater trochanter

Question 42

A sac behind the pubic symphysis made of smooth muscle that collects and stores urine.

Answer 42

urinary bladder

Question 43

The glands that secrete sweat, located in the dermal layer of the skin.

Answer 43

sweat glands

Question 44

The most posterior portion of the cranium.

Answer 44

occiput

Question 45

The outermost cavity of a women's reproductive system; the lower part of the birth canal.

Answer 45

vagina

Question 46

The heart muscle.

Answer 46

myocardium

Question 47

The quandrangular bones of the cheek, articulating with the frontal bone, the maxillae, the zygomatic processes of the temporal bone, and the great wings of the sphenoid bone.

Answer 47

zygomas

Question 48

Forms the posterior portion of the oral cavity, which is bordered superiorly by the hard and soft palates, laterally by the cheeks, and inferiorly by the tongue.

Answer 48

oropharynx

Question 49

The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.

Answer 49

dermis