Chapter 5 The Integumentary System

Question 1

4 Parts of the Cutaneous Membrane: Epidermis, Dermis, Papillary ______ Reticular

Answer 1

Largest Sys of Body - 16% body weight

Question 2

2 Components of the Integumentary System are

Answer 2

Cutaneous membrane and accessory structures

Question 3

Cutaneous - Outer Epidermis (Superficial Epidermis , Inner Dermis (Connective Tissue

Answer 3

Accessory Structures Originate In Dermis, Extend through Epidermis, Hair & Follicles - Exocrine Glands and Nails

Question 4

Epidermis Thin Skin, 4 layers Bottom up - Stratum Basale - Spinosum - Granulosum - Corneum , Keratinocytes, Body’s most abundant.

Answer 4

Epidermis Thick skin , Finger pads - 5 layers, Stratum Basale - Spinosum - Grandulosum - Lucidum - Corneum

Question 5

Functions of Int Syst - Protect underlying tissue, Excrete Salt water waste, Maint Temp,

Answer 5

Produce Melantin, Keratin (Protein), D3, Lipids Storage, Sensory to touch, Coord Immune response

Question 6

Tactile Corpusle - Feelings

Answer 6

Aerrctor Pili Muscle - goose bumps

Question 7

Dermis - Between EpiDerm and Subcu - Supports EpiDerm -

Answer 7

Anchors Accessory Structures - Hair - Sweat Glands

Question 8

Keratin = Protein - Large Amts in Stratum Spinosum

Answer 8

Cutaneous & Subpapillary Contains - Blood Vessels and Sensory Receptors

Question 9

Thick Skin - Palms and Soles, Finger Pads

Answer 9

Subcutaneous - Loose Connective tissue below the Dermis

Question 10

Reticular Layer - Extensive Distention ____ Stretch Marks, Reticlular Layer

Answer 10

UV causes excessive skin sag

Question 11

Hair _____ made up from Keratinized dead cells

Answer 11

Hair is formed in the folicles

Question 12

Dermis - 1) Outer Papillary Layer 2) Deep Reticular Layer

Answer 12

Tactile Discs - Melanocytes , Tactile Corpusles - Feeling Touch

Question 13

Hair color produced by Melanocytes at the Hair Matrix

Answer 13

Hair color is Determined by Genes

Question 14

Vellus hair ____ peach fuzz Soft fine hair, covers most of body

Answer 14

Terminal Hairs - Head Eyebrows and Eyelashes (Heavy Pigment)

Question 15

Epedermis - Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Answer 15

Is Avascular - (without)

Question 16

Hair growth cycle ____ grow and shed

Answer 16

Cutaneous Plexus - arteries in the skin form.

Question 17

Sebaceous (oil glands) and Sweat Glands are Endocrine Glands

Answer 17

Eccrine Sweat Glands - Holocrine Glands - Sensible Perspiration (Watery Substance)

Question 18

2 Types of Sweat Glands Apocrine ____ and Eccrine

Answer 18

Ceruminous Gland - Ear Wax

Question 19

Apocrine Sweat Glands: produces - odorous secretions

Answer 19

Eccrine Sweat Glands, more numerous and produce watery secretions

Question 20

Stratum Basale (Germinativum), Stratum Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum (thick skin only) and Stratum Corneum

Answer 20

Thin Skin covers most of body, most abundant

Question 21

Papillary Layer - Aerolar Tissue, Blood Vessels, Lymph vessels, Sensory Nerves

Answer 21

Epidermis - Insensible Perspiration - Diffuses across Epidermis - Evaporates - 500ml daily, increases from burns

Question 22

Mammory glands ____ Apocrine glands

Answer 22

Epidermis Eccrine Gland- Sensible Perspiration- Water from Sweat Glands

Question 23

Nails Keratinized epidermal cells protect fingers ____ toes

Answer 23

Reticular Layer - Collagen - Elastic Fibers - Collagen Bundle Tension Lines

Question 24

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) - Peptide Growth - Produce Salivary Glands and Duodenum

Answer 24

Functions - Division of Basal Cells, Accels Keratin, Epidural Repair, Granular Secretions

Question 25

Hair division occurs in ____ shaft

Answer 25

Contusions - broken blood vessels

Question 26

2 types of Exocrine glands: Eccrine and Sweat glands

Answer 26

Hair has - Medulla (Core of soft Keratin, Cortex (Hard Keratin), Cuticle (Superficial Layer of dead cells that protect)

Question 27

Two Ways of Water loss Sensible Perspiration , Insensible Perspiration.

Answer 27

Sensible Perspiration 500ml per day.

Question 28

The darker the skin ______ more Melanin the Melanocytes produce

Answer 28

Skin Tone - Melatin (Brown) & Carotine (Orange, Found in orange Veggies, Deep Dermis, Converts to Vit A)

Question 29

Dermal Blood Supply - Cutaneous Plexus - Deep network of Arteries - Reticular Layer

Answer 29

Subpapillary Plexus - Small arteries, Capillaries - Contusions (bruises) - broken blood vessels

Question 30

Subcutaneous layer (Hypodermis) - Deep to dermis, connects to Reticular Layer, Stabilizes Skin, Primarily Adipose,

Answer 30

Large arteries and veins - Site for Subcu injections (Hypodermic Needles)

Question 31

Melanin - Red yellow - Brown Black, Produce Melanocytes, Stored in Melanosomes, Darker more numerous

Answer 31

Protects from UV, small amts ok, but too much can damage DNA, cause cancer

Question 32

Blood Flow, Oxygen influence skin color, Blood Vessels Dilate from heat (reddens skin) - Constrict from cold (Pales skin)

Answer 32

Hemoglobin Dark Red Less O2 (Released), Cyanosis (Blue skin) Extreme cold, heart failure or severe asthma.

Question 33

Illness - Jaundice - Bile Build up (Yellow), Pituitary Tumor - Excessive (Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone MSH)

Answer 33

Addison's Disease - Excessive Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Vitiligo - Loss of Melanocytes (Blanching of skin)

Question 34

Epidermal Produce D3, Also produced in Liver and Kidneys, lack of D3 - Rickets

Answer 34

D3 essential for adsorption of Calcium and phosphate

Question 35

Accessory Structures of the Skin - Hair, Sebaceous and Sweat Glands, and Nails

Answer 35

Derived from Embryonic Epidermis, Located in Dermis, Projects to skin surface.

Question 36

Hair, covers most of body (except palms of hands, sides of fingers - toes - soles lips portions of external genitalia

Answer 36

Hair function - protect insulate, guard openings from particles and insects, receptory sensors

Question 37

Hair Follicles - Deep into Dermis, Non-Living, Wrapped Dense connective tissue, Base Surrounded by nerves (Root Hair Plexus)

Answer 37

Arrector Pili - Smooth Involuntary Muscle, causes hair to stand up, Goose Bumps

Question 38

Hair production - Begins at Hair Bulb @ base, Surrounds Hair Papilla (Connective tissue - Capillaries & Nerves)

Answer 38

Hair Bulb - Epithelial Cells Called "Hair Matrix"

Question 39

Subcutaneous Layer - Connects Dermis to underlying tissue

Answer 39

Cutaneous Plexus - Where arteries in the skin form. Subpapillary Plexus - Blood and Nerves and Gland Cells

Question 40

Nails- Made of Keratin, Protects Fingers and Toes, Nail body covers bed, Root production, Free Edge

Answer 40

Darker the Skin, Higher the Melanin Melanocytes Produce.

Question 41

Keratin - Fiberous Protein for strength and water resistance.

Answer 41

Epidermus Cell Division - Stratum Basale - 7 to 10 days

Question 42

Sensible Perspiration - get rid of waste.

Answer 42

2 types of Exocrine Glands - Eccrine and Sweat

Question 43

Mast Cell - Histomine