Chapter 5 - Tissues

Question 1

What are the four major types of tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Question 2

Widespread throughout the body, covers organs, and lines body surfaces

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue

Question 3

Anchored to a basement membrane, made up of tightly packed cells containing little intercellular material, generally lack blood vessels, and are replaced frequently

Answer 3

Epithelial tissue

Question 4

Function in protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, and sensory reception

Answer 4

Epithelial tissue

Question 5

Made up of a single layer of thin, flattened cells

Answer 5

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 6

Because it is suited for diffusion, it functions in the exchange of gases in the lungs and lines blood and lymph vessels as well as body cavities

Answer 6

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 7

Consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei

Answer 7

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 8

Functions in secretion and absorption in the kidneys, and in secretion in glands

Answer 8

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 9

Made up of a row of elongated cells whose nuclei are all located near the basement membrane. It may be ciliated

Answer 9

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 10

Lines the uterus, stomach, and intestines where it protects underlying tissues, secretes digestive fluids, and absorbs nutrients

Answer 10

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 11

These cells appear layered due to the varying positions of their nuclei within the row of cells, but are not truly layered

Answer 11

Pseudo-stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 12

Cilia may be present, along with mucus-secreting goblet cells, that line and sweep debris from respiratory tubes

Answer 12

Pseudo-stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 13

Made up of layers of flattened cells that are designed to protect underlying layers

Answer 13

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 14

Makes up the outer layer of skin, and lines the mouth, throat, vagina, and anal canal

Answer 14

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 15

Consists of 2-3 layers of cuboidal cells lining a lumen of the mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

Answer 15

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 16

Consists of several layers of cells and is found in the vas deferens, part of the male urethra, and parts of the pharynx

Answer 16

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 17

Designed to distend and return to its normal size, as it does in the lining of the urinary bladder

Answer 17

Transitional Epithelium

Question 18

Made up of cells designed to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids

Answer 18

Glandular Epithelium

Question 19

Glands that secrete products into ducts

Answer 19

Exocrine

Question 20

Glands that secrete products into body fluids and blood

Answer 20

Endocrine

Question 21

Glands that release fluid products by exocytosis (pancreas) and are grouped as serous or mucus

Answer 21

Merocrine

Question 22

Glands that lose portions of their cell bodies during secretion (mammary)

Answer 22

Apocrine

Question 23

Glands that release entire cells (sebaceous)

Answer 23

Holocrine

Question 24

Bind, support, protect, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, protect against infection, and repair tissue damage

Answer 24

Connective Tissues

Question 25

They have abundant matrix, or intercellular material, throughout, and have good blood supplies (except for cartilage)

Answer 25

Connective Tissues

Question 26

The most common cell type, a fixed star-shaped cell that secretes fibers and is large in size

Answer 26

Fibroblast

Question 27

Function as scavenger cells and defend against infection

Answer 27

Microphages

Question 28

They are large and are located near blood vessels where they release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (promotes inflammation)

Answer 28

Mast cells

Question 29

Types of Connective Tissue Fibers

Answer 29

Strong Collagenous Fibers, Elastic Fibers, Reticular Fibers

Question 30

This type of tissue forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body that bind body parts together such as skin and underlying organs

Answer 30

Loose Connective (Areolar) Tissue

Question 31

Loose, connective tissue designed to store fat

Answer 31

Adipose Tissue

Question 32

It is found beneath the skin, around joints, padding the kidneys and other internal organs, and in certain abdominal membranes

Answer 32

Adipose Tissue

Question 33

Consists of densely packed collagenous fibers and is very strong but lacks a good blood supply. It is found as part of tendons and ligaments

Answer 33

Dense Connective Tissue

Question 34

A rigid connective tissue that provides a supportive framework for various structures. It lacks a vascular system and so heals slowly

Answer 34

Cartilage

Question 35

The most common type of cartilage, white with abundant fine collagen fibers, found at the ends of bones, and supports respiratory passages

Answer 35

Hyaline cartilage

Question 36

Provides a framework for the external ears and parts of the larynx

Answer 36

Elastic cartilage

Question 37

A tough tissue that provides a shock-absorbing function in intervertebral disks in the knees and pelvic girdle

Answer 37

Fibrocartilage

Question 38

The most rigid connective tissue, with deposits of mineral salts and collagen within the matrix

Answer 38

Bone

Question 39

Internally supports the body, protects, forms, muscle attachments and is the site for blood cell formation

Answer 39

Bone

Question 40

Bone cells

Answer 40

Osteocytes

Question 41

Composed of cells (red and white) suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma and functions to transport substances throughout the body

Answer 41

Blood

Question 42

Thin, sheetlike structures composed of epithelium and connective tissues, covering body surfaces and lining body cavities

Answer 42

Epithelial membranes

Question 43

Four main types of Epithelial membranes

Answer 43

serous, mucous, cutaneous, synovial

Question 44

Three major types of muscle tissues

Answer 44

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac