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Abnormal Psychology 1 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic Sensory Disorder

A

Disorders involving extreme and long-lasting focus on multiple
physical symptoms for which no medical cause is evident; previously known as somatization disorders

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2
Q

Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondriasis)

A

Involves severe anxiety over belief in having a disease without any
evident physical cause

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3
Q

Causes of Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder

A

-Participants with these disorders show enhanced perceptual sensitivity to illness cues
-Interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening
-Genetic causes
-Negative life events
-“Attention seeking” through illness

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4
Q

Treatment of Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder

A

-Hard to treat
-Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)
-Reduce stress
-Minimize help-seeking behaviours
-Relating to others

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5
Q

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

A

Somatic condition in which a
psychological characteristics affects a diagnosed medical condition, such as asthma being exacerbated by anxiety or denial.

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6
Q

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

A

-Physical malfunctions, such as blindness or paralysis, difficulty speaking (aphonia), suggesting neurological impairment, with no organic pathology to account for it
-People with conversion symptoms dissociate experiences from awareness
-Malingerers and people with factitious disorders could be pretending symptoms

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7
Q

Malingering

A

Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain

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8
Q

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) Causes

A

-Traumatic event leads to conflict = anxiety
-Repression of conflict (unconscious)
-When anxiety becomes conscious -person converts it to physical symptoms
-Person gets attention
-Interpersonal factors
ie; Substantial stress: abuse, parental divorce
-Social and cultural factors
ie; Less educated, lower socioeconomic groups

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9
Q

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) Treatment

A

Identify source of stress; reduce stress
Minimize help-seeking behaviours
Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)

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10
Q

Factitious Disorder

A

Nonexistent physical or psychological disorders deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention

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11
Q

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy)

A

producing symptoms in other members of the family.

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12
Q

5 basic somatic symptom and related disorders.

A
  1. Somatic Symptom Disorder
    2.Illness Anxiety Disorder
    3.Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Condition
    4.Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
    5.Factitious Disorders/Factitious Disorders Imposed on Others
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13
Q

Secondary Gain

A

Receiving attention from one of these disorders

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14
Q

Primary Gain/La belle indifference

A

individuals do not seem the least bit stressed about there
symptoms in one of the above disorders

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15
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A

Anxiety disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them

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16
Q

OCD Experience

A

-severe generalized anxiety,
-recurrent panic attacks,
-debilitating avoidance,
-major depression.

17
Q

Obsessions

A

Recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses the client seeks to suppress or neutralized while recognizing they are not imposed by outside forces

18
Q

Compulsions

A

Repetitive, ritualistic, time-consuming behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform

19
Q

4 Major Types of Obsessions

A
  1. Symmetry obsession,
  2. Forbidden thoughts or actions,
  3. Cleaning and contaminations,
  4. hoarding
20
Q

Symmerty Obsession

A

Obsession: needing things to be symmetrical/aligned/just right - urges to do things over until they feel ‘just right’
Compulsion: Putting things in a certain order, repeating rituals

21
Q

Forbidden Thoughts or Actions

A

Obsession: Fear, urges to harm self or others. Fears of offending God
Compulsion: Checking, avoiding, repeated requests for reassurance

22
Q

Cleaning/Contamination

A

Obsession: Germs, fear of germs or contaminants
Compulsions: Repetitive or excessive washing, using gloves, masks to do daily tasks

23
Q

Hoarding

A

Obsessions: Fear of throwing things away
Compulsion:collecting/saving objects with little or no actual or sentimental value, such as food wrappings

24
Q

Thought-action-fusion

A

Clients with OCD equating thoughts with the specific actions or activity
represented by thoughts

25
Q

Tic Disorder

A

-Involuntary movements
-Co-occur with OCD
-Movements may not be tics but may still be compulsions

26
Q

OCD Causes

A

-Thoughts regulated by brain circuits
-Early experiences
-“thought-action fusion”
-Thought suppression leads to compulsions

27
Q

OCD Treatment

A

-SSRIs, psychological treatments (e.g., exposure and ritual prevention [ERP])
-CBT

28
Q

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

A

-Somatoform disorder featuring a disruptive preoccupation
with some imagined defect in appearance (imagines ugliness)
-co-occurs with OCD

29
Q

BDD Clinical Desscription

A

-Checking and compensating rituals
-Excessive grooming, skin picking, mirror checking
-Suicidal: attempt and ideation

30
Q

BDD Causes

A

Insufficient information on psychological or biological predisposing factors

31
Q

BDD Treatment

A

-SSRIs, clomipramine (Anafranil) and fluvoxamine (Luvox)
-CBT: Exposure and response prevention

32
Q

BDD and Plastic Surgery

A

-Skin treatments most sought after
-Many patients of plastic surgeons return for additional surgery
-8%–25% who request plastic surgery have BDD; should be screened by plastic surgeons

33
Q

Hoarding Disorder

A

-Appears as a separate disorder in DSM-5
-Hoarding starts early in life; gets worse
-Can be hazardous
-Patients come for treatment after age 50
-Cognitive-behavioural therapy given

34
Q

Trichotillomania

A

Peoples urge to pull out their own hair from anywhere on their body, including the scalp, eyebrows, and arms

35
Q

Excoriation

A

Recurrent, difficult-to-control picking of one’s skin leading to significant impairment
or distress

36
Q

Habit Reversal Training

A

Patients are carefully taught to be more aware of their repetitive
behaviors, particularly as it is just about to begin, and to then substitute a different
behavior such as chewing gum, or applying lotion, or some other reasonably pleasurable
harmless behavior.

Abnormal Psychology 1 (10 decks)

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