Chapter 6

Question 1

Somatic Sensory Disorder

Answer 1

Disorders involving extreme and long-lasting focus on multiple
physical symptoms for which no medical cause is evident; previously known as somatization disorders

Question 2

Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondriasis)

Answer 2

Involves severe anxiety over belief in having a disease without any
evident physical cause

Question 3

Causes of Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder

Answer 3

-Participants with these disorders show enhanced perceptual sensitivity to illness cues
-Interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening
-Genetic causes
-Negative life events
-“Attention seeking” through illness

Question 4

Treatment of Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder

Answer 4

-Hard to treat
-Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)
-Reduce stress
-Minimize help-seeking behaviours
-Relating to others

Question 5

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Answer 5

Somatic condition in which a
psychological characteristics affects a diagnosed medical condition, such as asthma being exacerbated by anxiety or denial.

Question 6

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

Answer 6

-Physical malfunctions, such as blindness or paralysis, difficulty speaking (aphonia), suggesting neurological impairment, with no organic pathology to account for it
-People with conversion symptoms dissociate experiences from awareness
-Malingerers and people with factitious disorders could be pretending symptoms

Question 7

Malingering

Answer 7

Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain

Question 8

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) Causes

Answer 8

-Traumatic event leads to conflict = anxiety
-Repression of conflict (unconscious)
-When anxiety becomes conscious -person converts it to physical symptoms
-Person gets attention
-Interpersonal factors
ie; Substantial stress: abuse, parental divorce
-Social and cultural factors
ie; Less educated, lower socioeconomic groups

Question 9

conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) Treatment

Answer 9

Identify source of stress; reduce stress
Minimize help-seeking behaviours
Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)

Question 10

Factitious Disorder

Answer 10

Nonexistent physical or psychological disorders deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention

Question 11

Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy)

Answer 11

producing symptoms in other members of the family.

Question 12

5 basic somatic symptom and related disorders.

Answer 12

1. Somatic Symptom Disorder
   2.Illness Anxiety Disorder
   3.Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Condition
   4.Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
   5.Factitious Disorders/Factitious Disorders Imposed on Others

Question 13

Secondary Gain

Answer 13

Receiving attention from one of these disorders

Question 14

Primary Gain/La belle indifference

Answer 14

individuals do not seem the least bit stressed about there
symptoms in one of the above disorders

Question 15

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 15

Anxiety disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them

Question 16

OCD Experience

Answer 16

-severe generalized anxiety,
-recurrent panic attacks,
-debilitating avoidance,
-major depression.

Question 17

Obsessions

Answer 17

Recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses the client seeks to suppress or neutralized while recognizing they are not imposed by outside forces

Question 18

Compulsions

Answer 18

Repetitive, ritualistic, time-consuming behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform

Question 19

4 Major Types of Obsessions

Answer 19

1. Symmetry obsession,
2. Forbidden thoughts or actions,
3. Cleaning and contaminations,
4. hoarding

Question 20

Symmerty Obsession

Answer 20

Obsession: needing things to be symmetrical/aligned/just right - urges to do things over until they feel ‘just right’
Compulsion: Putting things in a certain order, repeating rituals

Question 21

Forbidden Thoughts or Actions

Answer 21

Obsession: Fear, urges to harm self or others. Fears of offending God
Compulsion: Checking, avoiding, repeated requests for reassurance

Question 22

Cleaning/Contamination

Answer 22

Obsession: Germs, fear of germs or contaminants
Compulsions: Repetitive or excessive washing, using gloves, masks to do daily tasks

Question 23

Hoarding

Answer 23

Obsessions: Fear of throwing things away
Compulsion:collecting/saving objects with little or no actual or sentimental value, such as food wrappings

Question 24

Thought-action-fusion

Answer 24

Clients with OCD equating thoughts with the specific actions or activity
represented by thoughts

Question 25

Tic Disorder

Answer 25

-Involuntary movements -Co-occur with OCD -Movements may not be tics but may still be compulsions

Question 26

OCD Causes

Answer 26

-Thoughts regulated by brain circuits -Early experiences -“thought-action fusion” -Thought suppression leads to compulsions

Question 27

OCD Treatment

Answer 27

-SSRIs, psychological treatments (e.g., exposure and ritual prevention [ERP]) -CBT

Question 28

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

Answer 28

-Somatoform disorder featuring a disruptive preoccupation with some imagined defect in appearance (imagines ugliness) -co-occurs with OCD

Question 29

BDD Clinical Desscription

Answer 29

-Checking and compensating rituals -Excessive grooming, skin picking, mirror checking -Suicidal: attempt and ideation

Question 30

BDD Causes

Answer 30

Insufficient information on psychological or biological predisposing factors

Question 31

BDD Treatment

Answer 31

-SSRIs, clomipramine (Anafranil) and fluvoxamine (Luvox) -CBT: Exposure and response prevention

Question 32

BDD and Plastic Surgery

Answer 32

-Skin treatments most sought after -Many patients of plastic surgeons return for additional surgery -8%–25% who request plastic surgery have BDD; should be screened by plastic surgeons

Question 33

Hoarding Disorder

Answer 33

-Appears as a separate disorder in DSM-5 -Hoarding starts early in life; gets worse -Can be hazardous -Patients come for treatment after age 50 -Cognitive-behavioural therapy given

Question 34

Trichotillomania

Answer 34

Peoples urge to pull out their own hair from anywhere on their body, including the scalp, eyebrows, and arms

Question 35

Excoriation

Answer 35

Recurrent, difficult-to-control picking of one's skin leading to significant impairment or distress

Question 36

Habit Reversal Training

Answer 36

Patients are carefully taught to be more aware of their repetitive behaviors, particularly as it is just about to begin, and to then substitute a different behavior such as chewing gum, or applying lotion, or some other reasonably pleasurable harmless behavior.