chapter 6

Question 1

what is cellular respiration

Answer 1

the process by which cells within an organism convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP)

Question 2

What is the balanced equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 2

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2—- 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 3

What are the four stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 3

glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

What generally occurs during glycolysis?

Answer 4

Sugars split

Question 5

What are the energy investment phases?

Answer 5

The first stage of glycolysis where energy must be provided to break down the sugars

Question 6

What is the name of the three-carbon molecule produced during glycolysis, and how
many are formed for each molecule of glucose?

Answer 6

Pyruvate: 2

Question 7

What is substrate level phosphorylation?

Answer 7

ATP formation occurring when an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a high-energy donor molecule to ADP

Question 8

How many
molecules of ATP are used and produced during glycolysis from each molecule of glucose?

Answer 8

2 are used
4 are produced

Question 9

How many
molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis for each molecule of glucose?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

What generally occurs during pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 10

Further breaking of bonds

Question 11

How many molecules of ATP are produced during pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 11

No ATP

Question 12

What generally occurs during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 12

it completes the oxidation of each acetyl group, releasing CO2

Question 13

How many molecules of ATP are produced during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

How many molecules of NADH are produced during pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 14

2

Question 15

How many molecules of CO2 are produced during pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 15

2

Question 16

How many molecules of NADH are produced during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 16

6

Question 17

How many molecules of FADH2 are produced during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

How many molecules of CO2 are produced during the Krebs cycle?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

What combines with
acetyl CoA to form citrate?

Answer 19

Oxaloacetate

Question 20

How many rotations of the Krebs cycle are completed for each molecule of
glucose?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

What generally occurs during oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain)?

Answer 21

A ton of atp is made

Question 22

How many molecules of ATP are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 22

34

Question 23

How many molecules of NADH are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 23

0

Question 24

How many molecules of FADH2 are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 24

0

Question 25

How many molecules of and CO2 are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 25

0

Question 26

Why is oxygen required during this stage, and what is its fate?

Answer 26

Needed to move electrons, its fate is that it becomes water

Question 27

How are hydrogen ions moved into the intermembrane space, and what is the result of the accumulation of hydrogen ions?

Answer 27

membrane-bound enzymes use energy from the electrons to move hydrogen where it is turned into atp in the atp synthase.

Question 28

What is the path that most electrons travel?

Answer 28

electrons move from glucose to NADH to electron transport chain to oxygen

Question 29

What is ATP synthase?

Answer 29

it synthesizes atp

Question 30

What is one advantage and one disadvantage to anaerobic pathways?

Answer 30

Advantage: even without oxygen it can still make atp disadvantage: the amount of atp is less

Question 31

What is the balanced equation for alcoholic fermentation

Answer 31

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 32

What is the balanced equation lactic acid fermentation?