Chapter 6 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the dangers of external bleeding?
Blood loss leading to shock, infection
What are the 3 types of external bleeding?
Arterial, venous, capillary
During which survey is important for finding life threats to the patient and yourself?
Scene survey
Amber colored blood from external bleeding
Capillary
What can clotting be impaired by?
Aspirin, anticoagulants, hemophilia, anemia, liver disease
What helps with clotting (2)?
Platelets, fibrinogen
How long does clotting take?
10 minutes
What do you do if bleeding is occurring after 10 minutes?
Press harder over wider area and elevate part
What are the 2 pressure points we use during bleeding first aid?
Brachial and femoral
What are the 3 steps to bleeding first aid?
Direct pressure, elevate above the heart, release pressure point
What do we look for in internal bleeding?
Bruises, contusions, pain, suspected rib fracture, vomiting, coughing up blood, bloody stools
What do we do to treat internal bleeding?
Monitor ABCs, expect vomiting, treat for shock, seek attention
Reduced perfusion of tissues with oxygen rich blood
Shock
How long can the brain, heart, and spinal court survive without oxygen?
4-6 minutes
How long can the kidneys, liver, GI tract survive without oxygen?
45-90 minutes
How long can muscles, skin, and bone survive without oxygen?
4-6 hours
What are the causes of shock?
Heart attack, bleeding, burns, vomiting, anaphylaxis, fainting, spinal cord injury
Heart causing the shock
Cardiogenic shock
Nerves causing the shock
Neurogenic shock
Brain causing the shock
Psychogenic shock
Uncontrolled infections in the body releasing toxins causing the shock
Septic shock
Low fluid volume causing shock
Hypovolemic shock
Rapid blood loss causing shock
Hemorrhagic shock
How do we take care of someone with shock?
Do not give fluids orally, lay the person down, raise head if there is a head injury, elevate legs 8-12 inches
