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anatomy exam 2 > chapter 6: bone structure and function > Flashcards

chapter 6: bone structure and function Flashcards

1
Q

compact, shaft, long part of bone

A

diaphysis

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2
Q

spongy, end of bone

A

epiphysis

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3
Q

where diaphysis joins epiphysis

A

metaphysis

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4
Q

space inside diaphysis which contains marrow

A

medullary cavity

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5
Q

inner lining of medullary cavity

A

endosteum

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6
Q

connective tissue covering bone

A

periosteum

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7
Q

thin layer of hyaline cartilage covers epiphyses

A

articular cartilage

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8
Q

Haversian system

A

Osteon

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9
Q

Where is the osteon/haversian system found?

A

compact bone

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10
Q

rings of hard, calcified matrix

A

lamella

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11
Q

carries lymphatics, blood vessels and nerve fibers

A

central canal

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12
Q

branch from central

A

Volkmann’s canals

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13
Q

Osteocytes have ___ (cell extensions) in _____ (small chambers).

A

canaliculi, lacunae

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14
Q

irregular lattice work of thin bone plates, spaces filled with marrow

A

Trabeculae

Found in spongy bone

hips, ribs, vertebrae, epiphyses

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15
Q

The bone has (poor/abundant) nerve and blood supply.

A

abundant

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16
Q

osteogenic/osteoprogenitor/osteochondral progenitor cells

A

stem cells

17
Q

osteoblasts produce matrix made of ___ and ___.

They (can/cannot) divide.

A

mineral salts, collagen, cannot

osteoblasts are “bone generators”

18
Q

osteocytes are located in the ____, derived from ____, and help with ___ and ___.

A

lacunae, osteoblasts, daily activities, maintenance

19
Q

osteoclasts function in bone ___.

A

resportion,

They are “bone breakers”

20
Q

____ is the organic part of matrix, includes:
proteoglycans, glycoproteins, collagen

A

Osteoid

21
Q

____ and other things such as ____, ___, ____ are inorganic parts of the matrix. They are responsible for ____.

A

hydroxyapatites (ex. tricalcium phosphate)

MgOH, F, sulfate

hardness/strength

22
Q

support

A

limbs support trunk

23
Q

protection

A

skull surrounds brain

24
Q

movement

A

skeletal muscle attachments

25
Q

mineral storage

A

calcium and phosphate homeostasis

26
Q

hematopoiesis

A

blood cell formation and red marrow

27
Q

fat and energy storage in adults

A

yellow marrow

anatomy exam 2 (12 decks)

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