Chapter 6, Cardiovascular, page 163-166

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

Largest artery of the body; vessel through which oxygenated blood exits the heart.

Question 2

Aortic valve

Answer 2

Valve between the aorta and the left ventricle.

Question 3

Arteriole

Answer 3

A tiny artery connecting to a capillary.

Question 4

Artery

Answer 4

A thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away form the heart.

Question 5

Atrioventricular bundle

Answer 5

Bundle of fibers in the interventricular septum that transfers charges in the heart’s conduction system; also called bundle of His.

Question 6

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer 6

Specialized part of the interatiral septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His.

Question 7

Atrioventricular valve

Answer 7

one of two valves that control blood flow between the atria and ventricles.

Question 8

Atrium (pl., atria)

Answer 8

Either of the two upper chambers of the heart.

Question 9

Bicuspid valve

Answer 9

Atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart; mitral valve.

Question 10

Blood

Answer 10

Essential fluid made up of plasma and other elements that circulates throughout the body; delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body’s cells.

Question 11

Blood pressure

Answer 11

Measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries.

Question 12

Blood vessel

Answer 12

Any of the tubular passageways in the cardiovascular system through which blood travels.

Question 13

Capillary

Answer 13

The smallest blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels.

Question 14

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer 14

Waste material transported in the venous blood.

Question 15

Cardiac cycle

Answer 15

Repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart as it circulates blood within itself and pumps it out to the rest of the body or the lungs.

Question 16

Cardiovascular

Answer 16

Relating to or affecting the heart and blood vessels.

Question 17

Carotid artery

Answer 17

Artery theat transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck.

Question 18

Conduction system

Answer 18

Part of the heart containing specialized tissue that send electrical charges through heart fibers, causing the heart to contract and relax at regular intervals.

Question 19

Coronary artery

Answer 19

Blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

Question 20

Depolarization

Answer 20

Contracting state of the myocardial tissue in the heart’s conduction system.

Question 21

Diastole

Answer 21

Relaxation phase of a heartbeat.

Question 22

Ductus arteriosus

Answer 22

Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetus’s nonfunctioning lungs.

Question 23

Ductus venosus

Answer 23

Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetal liver.

Question 24

Endocardium

Answer 24

Membranous lining of the chambers and valves of the heart; the innermost layer of heart tissue.

Question 25

Endothelium

Answer 25

Lining of the arteries that secretes substances into the blood.

Question 26

Epicardium

Answer 26

Outermost layer of heart tissue.

Question 27

Femoral artery

Answer 27

An artery that supplies blood to the thigh.

Question 28

Foramen ovale

Answer 28

Opening in the septum of the fetal heart that closes at birth.

Question 29

Heart

Answer 29

Muscular organ that receives blood form the veins and sends it into the arteries.

Question 30

Inferior vena cava

Answer 30

Large vein that draws blood form the lower part of the body to the right atrium.

Question 31

Left atrium

Answer 31

Upper left heart chamber.

Question 32

Left ventricle

Answer 32

Lower left heart chamber.

Question 33

Lumen

Answer 33

Channel inside an artery through which blood flows.

Question 34

Mitral valve

Answer 34

Atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart; bicuspid valve.

Question 35

Myocardium

Answer 35

Muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and the endocardium.

Question 36

Pacemaker

Answer 36

Term for the sinoatrial (SA) node; also, an artificial device that regulates heart rhythm.

Question 37

Pericardium

Answer 37

Protective covering of the heart.

Question 38

Polarization

Answer 38

Resting state of the myocardial tissue in the conduction system of the heart.

Question 39

Popliteal artery

Answer 39

An artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee.

Question 40

Pulmonary artery

Answer 40

One of two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs.

Question 41

Pulmonary valve

Answer 41

Valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries.

Question 42

Pulmonary vein

Answer 42

One of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

Question 43

Pulse

Answer 43

Rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually an artery.

Question 44

Repolarization

Answer 44

Recharging state; transition from contraction to resting that occurs in the conduction system of the heart.

Question 45

Right atrium

Answer 45

Upper right chamber of the heart.

Question 46

Right ventricle

Answer 46

Lower right chamber of the heart.

Question 47

Saphenous vein

Answer 47

Any of a group of veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the legs.

Question 48

Semilunar valve

Answer 48

One of the two valves that prevent the backflow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

Question 49

Septum

Answer 49

Partition between the left and right chambers of the heart.

Question 50

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer 50

Region of the right atrium containing specialized tissue that send electrical impulses to the heart muscle, causing it to contract.

Question 51

Sinus rhythm

Answer 51

Normal heart rhythm.

Question 52

Tricuspid valve

Answer 52

Atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart.

Question 53

Valve

Answer 53

Any of various structures that slow or prevent fluid from flowing backward or forward.

Question 54

Vein

Answer 54

Any of various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart, except the pulmonary vein.

Question 55

Vena cava

Answer 55

See Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.

Question 56

Ventricle

Answer 56

Either of the two lower chambers of the heart.

Question 57

Venule

Answer 57

A tiny vein connecting to a capillary.