Chapter 6 - Consciousness

Question 0

the study of individual consciousness that addresses subjective experience

Answer 0

phenomenology

Question 1

a person’s awareness of herself and her surroundings

Answer 1

consciousness

Question 2

because the nature of consciousness is internal, a person can’t tell how similar another person’s perceptions are to his own

Answer 2

problem of the minds

Question 3

state characterized by bizarre, disorganized, and dreamlike thought patterns; state in which a person is not fully alert to his mental processes

Answer 3

altered state of consciousness

Question 4

relatively fragmented connection between self and environment in which a person might respond to a stimulus without being aware of it at a more thoughtful level

Answer 4

minimal consciousness

Question 5

state in which person is aware of environment, his mental state, and can provide information about it

Answer 5

full consciousness

Question 6

most self-aware state of consciousness; allows person to focus on himself

Answer 6

self-consciousness

Question 7

state of consciousness experienced while we sleep but can still respond to a nudge by rolling over

Answer 7

minimal consciousness

Question 8

state of consciousness when we examine ourselves in a mirror

Answer 8

self-consciousness

Question 9

state of consciousness that involves metacognition (thinking about thoughts)

Answer 9

full consciousness

Question 10

process that occurs in the body that people do not have to consciously monitor or regulate

Answer 10

nonconscious process (heart beat, breathing)

Question 11

information usually outside a person’s awareness, but that’s able to be brought into consciousness on demand

Answer 11

preconscious information (memories)

Question 12

experiences, ideas, and motives that are so threatening or unacceptable that a person has permanently removed them from consciousness

Answer 12

unconscious information

Question 13

collection of mental processes that affect the way a person feels or behaves, even though she is not consciously aware of them

Answer 13

cognitive unconscious

Question 14

aspect of consciousness that allows people to selectively analyze, interpret, and act on stimuli

Answer 14

selective storage function

Question 15

aspect of consciousness that allows people to exercise selective attention or consciously focus on one stimulus or perception at a given time

Answer 15

restrictive function

Question 16

aspect of consciousness that helps inhibit unethical, immoral or impractical urges

Answer 16

planning function

Question 17

natural loss of consciousness

Answer 17

sleep

Question 18

biological clock that regulates body function on a 24 hour cycle

Answer 18

circadian rythm

Question 19

part of hypothalamus that controls circadian clock; acts on pineal gland; signaled by light hitting retina

Answer 19

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 20

sleep inducing hormone secreted by pineal glad

Answer 20

melatonin

Question 21

sleep inducing hormone, activity can be blocked by caffeine

Answer 21

adenosine

Question 22

Recurring stage of sleep with vivid dreams

Answer 22

REM sleep

Question 23

wave that characterizes active wakefulness

Answer 23

Beta wave

Question 24

brain wave that characterizes relaxed wakefulness

Answer 24

alpha wave

Question 25

wave that characterizes stage 1 sleep

Answer 25

theta wave

Question 26

biphasic wave that occurs spontaneously during sleep; first appears in stage 2

Answer 26

k-complex

Question 27

things that happen during stage 1 sleep

Answer 27

hypnagogia, exploding head syndrome, feeling of floating, alien abductions

Question 28

burst of fast, sharply pointed brain waves; first appear in stage 2

Answer 28

sleep spindles

Question 29

4 theories of sleep

Answer 29

preservation & protection, body restoration, memory, growth

Question 30

brain wave with high amplitude that characterizes stage 3

Answer 30

delta waves

Question 31

learning while asleep; behavioral learning (like not biting fingernails), but probably not cognitive learning

Answer 31

hypnopaedia

Question 32

a person who requires much less that 8 hours of sleep a day

Answer 32

nonsomniac

Question 33

sleep disorder characterized by recurring difficulty falling or staying asleep

Answer 33

insomnia

Question 34

sleep disorder characterized by periodic, uncontrollable sleep attacks

Answer 34

narcolepsy

Question 35

sleep disorder in which people intermittently stop breathing

Answer 35

sleep apnea

Question 36

benign sleep disorder common in children, characterized by episodes of high arousal and terrified appearance

Answer 36

night terror

Question 37

sequence of images, feeling, ideas, and impressions that pass through the mind during sleep

Answer 37

dream

Question 38

what a person explicity remembers about a dream--storyline, characters, details

Answer 38

manifest content

Question 39

phenomenon in which a person achieves awareness of a dream while he is dreaming

Answer 39

lucid dreaming

Question 40

describes the unconscious meaning of a dream

Answer 40

latent content

Question 41

dreams are a result of brain's attempt to make sense of neural random neural activity during sleep

Answer 41

activation-synthesis theory

Question 42

excercise in suggesting perceptions, feeling, thoughts,or behaviors that a subject can expect to experience

Answer 42

hypnosis

Question 43

susceptibility to hypnotism

Answer 43

hypnotic ability

Question 44

suggestion made during hypnosis that is executed by participant when she is no longer hypnotized

Answer 44

posthypnotic suggestion

Question 45

4 theories of purpose of dreams

Answer 45

fulfill wishes and express unacceptable feelings; information processing (sort and stabalize memories); activation-synthesis; development

Question 47

pain relief through hypnosis, may work by causing dissociation

Answer 47

hypnotic analgesia

Question 48

split in cosciousness that allows simultaneous thoughts and behaviors to occur apart from each other

Answer 48

dissociation may happen during hypnosis

Question 49

4 levels of consciousness

Answer 49

altered state of consciousness, minimal consciousness, full consciousness, self-consciousness

Question 50

types of information that we aren't aware of

Answer 50

nonconscious (autonomic activities), preconscious (on demand), and unconscious (burried)

Question 51

survival advantages of consciousness

Answer 51

restrictive function (cocktail-party phenomenon), selective storage function, the planning function

Question 52

parts of the brain involved with sleep

Answer 52

hypothalamus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, pineal gland

Question 53

purpose of hypnosis

Answer 53

recall, therapy (posthypnotic suggestion), pain relief (hypnotic analgesia)