chapter 6-Shapes of molecules and intermolecular forces

Question 1

what is the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory

Answer 1

valence electron are the outer most electron
the valence shell repels each other as far apart as possible
multiple have simplilar to single bonds
lone pairs repel more

Question 2

how do you work out the shape of a molecule

Answer 2

work out the bonded pairs
work out number of lone pairs
know the shape

Question 3

what shape is it if it has 2 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs and its bond angle

Answer 3

linear
180

Question 4

what shape is it if it has 3 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs

Answer 4

trigonal planar
120

Question 5

what shape is it if it has 2 bonded pairs and 1 lone pairs

Answer 5

bent/ vshape
118

Question 6

what shape is it if it has 4 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs

Answer 6

tetrahedral
109.5

Question 7

what shape is it if it has 3 bonded pairs and 1 lone pairs

Answer 7

trigonal pyramidal
107

Question 8

what shape is it if it has 2 bonded pairs and 2 lone pairs

Answer 8

bent/v-shape
104.5

Question 9

what shape is it if it has 5 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs

Answer 9

trigonal bipyramidal
90+120

Question 10

what shape is it if it has 4 bonded pairs and 1 lone pairs

Answer 10

see-saw or trigonal planar
119+89

Question 11

what shape is it if it has 3 bonded pairs and 2 lone pairs

Answer 11

t-shape or trigonal planar
120 or 89

Question 12

what shape is it if it has 6 bonded pairs and 0 lone pairs

Answer 12

octahedral
90

Question 13

what shape is it if it has 5 bonded pairs and 1 lone pairs

Answer 13

square pyramid
89

Question 14

what shape is it if it has 4 bonded pairs and 2 lone pairs

Answer 14

square planar
90

Question 15

what is electronegativity

Answer 15

ability of an atom to attract the bonding elctron in a covalent bond

Question 16

how does electroneagtivity increase

Answer 16

the closer you are to flourine the more electronegative

Question 17

what is a polar bond

Answer 17

the shared pair of electrons is shared unequally between bonding atoms

Question 18

what is the partial negative charge and partial positive charge shown by

Answer 18

look up if not sure

Question 19

what is a dipole

Answer 19

the seperation of partial charges in a molecule

Question 20

what are intermolecular forces

Answer 20

are weak attraction that exist between molecules

Question 21

what are the 3 types of intermolecular forces

Answer 21

london forces
permanent dipole-dipole
hydrogen bonds

Question 22

what are london forces (induced dipole-dipole interaction)

Answer 22

Electrons are constantly moving around atoms and molecules
This movement can cause an uneven distribution of electrons
This creates temporary dipoles, with one side of the molecule being slightly negative and the other slightly positive
The oppositely charged ends of nearby molecules attract each other

Question 23

how are london forces affected

Answer 23

number of electrons
size of molecule

Question 24

what are permanent dipole- dipole formed

Answer 24

a type of intermolecular force that occurs between polar molecules, where the partially positive end of one molecule is attracted to the partially negative end of another molecule

Question 25

what are hydrogen bonds

Answer 25

a H atom bonded to an electronegative atom (O,N or F)

Question 26

what are the anomalous propeties of H2O

Answer 26

ice is less dense then water because of the hydrogen bonds H2O has a much higher mpt and bpt then expected