chapter 4-Acid and redox Flashcards
(20 cards)
what is a acid
substances that release H+ ions when dissolved in water
what are the strong acids
hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
this means it fully dissociate in water
what are the weak acids
ethanoic acids
only partially dissociate in water
what are bases
substances that accept H+ ions
such as: metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, alkalis
what are alkalis
bases that dissolve in water releasing OH- ions
what is neutalisation reaction
reaction between a base and an acid to produce a salt
what is the equation for the neutalisation of an acid by a carbonate
acid+ carbonate= salt+water+ co2
what is the equation for the neutalisation of an acid by a metal oxide
acid+metal oxide = salt+ water
what is the equation for the neutalisation of an acid by a alkali
acid+ alkali= salt +water
what are the reaction with ammonia
HCl + NH3= NH4Cl
H2SO4+2NH3= (NH4)2SO4
what are the steps of titration
-Gather your equipment. …
-Add alkali into the conical flask. …
-Add the single indicator into the conical flask. …
-Fill the burette with acid. …
-Record the initial volume of acid. …
-Add the acid to the alkali. …
-Slow down at the end point. …
-Record the final volume of acid.
remember to find a rough titre first
how do you prepare a standard solution
first work out the mass of NaOH that need to be weighed out
then prepare solution inside volumetric flask
how to do the titration calcualtions
1) write a balanced equation
2) add the data give in the question under reactants
3) calculate the amount in moles
4) use the balanced equation to determine the amount in moles of other reactant
5)calculate the unknown conc using N=CxV/1000
what is the oxidation number in a pure element
always 0
what are the oxidation numbers of some common compounds
f=-1
H=+1
O=-2
how do you work out oxidation number
find the known oxidation numbers
then find the others by trying to find how they cancel each other out
how do you use roman numeral to show oxidation numbers
the numeral next to the name tells you what its oxidation number is as some can have different each time
what is oxidation in term of electrons
the loss of electrons
what is reduction in terms of electrons
gain of electrons
what is a redox reaction
A chemical reaction that takes place between an oxidizing substance and a reducing substance
