Chapter 7

Question 1

• is the study of various physical and chemical processes that transform food elements to body elements and the influence of various feed additives to various processes in the body.

Answer 1

Nutrition

Question 2

• substances or elements found in the diet that are very necessary to support animal life processes. These are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water.

Answer 2

Nutrients

Question 3

• any material both natural in origin and synthetically prepared that when properly used have nutritional value in the diet.

Answer 3

Feedstuff

Question 4

• the food given to the animals with a balance of nutrients needed within 24 hours requirement.

Answer 4

Ration

Question 5

• the kind of food given to animals regardless of whether or not it has a good balance of nutrients they need.

Answer 5

Diet

Question 6

• any material that comes naturally in both plants and animals including the by-products prepared from them.

Answer 6

Feed

Question 7

• the transport of all digested nutrients to all parts of body tissues and cells.

Answer 7

Absorption

Question 7

• the next process of nutrient utilization in the body after it is digested and absorbed in the cells.

Answer 7

Metabolism

Question 7

• the process of breaking down food particles through mechanical, enzymatic or microbial process in preparation for absorption.

Answer 7

Digestion

Question 8

It is the sum total of all the physical and chemical changes occurring in the body where nutrients are

Answer 8

Metabolism

Question 9

• It contains H and O.
• It is vital to the life of the organism.
• It is the cheapest and the most abundant nutrient and the percentage of body water varies depending on age.

Answer 9

Water

Question 10

As a solvent in which nutrients are transported about the body and in which waste products are excreted.

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

*Metabolic water may account for _-__% of
total water intake

Answer 11

5-10%

Question 12

*It is synthesized by plants during photosynthesis and is approximately 3⁄4 of plant dry weight.

Answer 12

Carbohydrates

Question 12

*It contains C,H and O. Carbon 40%, hydrogen 7%, oxygen 53%

Answer 12

Carbohydrates

Question 13

• it is made up of two (2) sugar molecules

Answer 13

Disaccharides

Question 13

• polymeric carbohydrate molecules composed of long chains of monosaccharides

Answer 13

Polysaccharides

Question 14

• it is made up of only one (1) sugar molecule

Answer 14

Monosaccharides

Question 15

• It contains C (77%), H (12%) and O (11%).
• It is made up of fatty acids and glycerol.

Answer 15

Fats/Lipids

Question 16

It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvent.

It yields 2.25 times more energy than carbohydrates or protein.

Answer 16

Fats/Lipids

Question 17

• made-up of fatty acids and glycerol (basic units of lipids).

Answer 17

Simple lipids

Question 18

• these include phospholipid, glycolipid lipoprotein

Answer 18

Compound lipids

Question 18

• these include fatty acids and sterols

Answer 18

Derived lipids

Question 19

– all carbon skeletons are filled up with hydrogen

Answer 19

Saturated fatty acids

Question 20

– not all carbons are filled up with hydrogen, contain double bonds

Answer 20

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 20

*It contains C (53%), H (7%), O (23%) and N (16%), and phosphorus (1%).

Question 20

have one common property, their basic structure is made up of a single unit, amino acids (AA).

Answer 20

protein

Question 21

- it has a structural role in animal cells and tissues, is insoluble and is very resistant to animal digestive enzymes which includes collagen, elastin and keratin.

Answer 21

Fibrous

Question 22

- Produced only amino acid on hydrolysis. Subdivided into two groups

Answer 22

Simple protein

Question 22

– yield other materials aside from amino acid

Answer 22

Conjugated protein

Question 22

- the polypeptides are folded into compact structures, this includes all enzymes, antigens and those hormones that are protein.

Answer 22

Globular proteins

Question 23

Basic structural material which forms all body tissues

Answer 23

Protein

Question 24

- cannot be synthesized in the animal’s body in sufficient amounts, hence should be provided in the diet.

Answer 24

Essential Amino Acid