Chapter 7 Part 2

Question 1

Defined as organic compounds that are required in small
amounts for normal growth and maintenance of animal
life.

Answer 1

Vitamins

Question 2

A very important substance played both in plants and
animals in the metabolism of all living organisms.

Answer 2

Vitamins

Question 3

not merely building blocks or energy-yielding compounds
but are involved in, or are mediators of, the biochemical
pathways.

Answer 3

Vitamins

Question 4

– vitamins that are soluble in lipids, usually absorbed in fat globules and stored in body tissues.

Answer 4

Fat Soluble Vitamins

Question 5

– vitamins that dissolve in water

Answer 5

Water Soluble Vitamins

Question 6

Development of visual pigments, formation and protection of epithelial tissues, increased resistance

Answer 6

Vitamin A

Question 7

Regulates calcium and phosphorus deposition and absorption

Answer 7

VITAMIN D

Question 8

Anti-oxidant, detoxifying agent

Answer 8

VITAMIN E

Question 9

Blood coagulant, maturation of bone structure

Answer 9

VITAMIN K

Question 10

Participate in carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 10

VITAMIN B1 (THIAMINE)

Question 11

Constituent of flavin enzyme involved in
hydrogen transfer

Answer 11

VITAMIN B2 (RIBOFLAVIN)

Question 12

Amino acid metabolism and Coenzyme

Answer 12

VITAMIN B6 (Pyridoxine)

Question 13

Reduction of one-carbon compounds in fat and protein metabolism

Answer 13

VITAMIN B12 (CYNOCOBALAMIN)

Question 14

Gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis where it acts on carboxylation reactions

Answer 14

BIOTIN (VITAMIN H)

Question 15

Indispensable in the formation of amino acid and nucleic acid

Answer 15

FOLIC ACID

Question 16

Act as an active group of different coenzymes which are related to the citric acid cycle

Answer 16

Niacin (B3)

Question 17

Part of coenzyme A, which occupies a central position in the intermediary metabolism by activating weakly active acids

Answer 17

PANTOTHENIC ACID

Question 18

*Inorganic elements that very important to ensure
normal body functioning

Answer 18

MINERAL

Question 19

• The total mineral content of plants or animals is often called ___

Answer 19

Ash

Question 20

– present at larger levels in the animal body required in larger amounts in the diet

Answer 20

Macro-minerals

Question 21

– often referred to as trace minerals

Answer 21

Micro-minerals

Question 22

is the most abundant mineral element in the animal body.

Answer 22

Calcium

Question 23

is essential for the activity of a number of enzyme systems, including those necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses and for the contractile properties of muscle.

Answer 23

Calcium

Question 24

The element plays a vital role in energy metabolism in the formation of sugar-phosphates and adenosine di- and triphosphates

Answer 24

Phosphorus

Question 25

*plays an important part in nerve and muscle excitability and is also involved in carbohydrate metabolism.

Answer 25

Potassium

Question 25

plays a very important part, along with sodium, chlorine and bicarbonate ions, in osmotic regulation of the body fluids and in the acid–base balance in the animal

Answer 25

Potassium

Question 26

Structure of amino acids, vitamins and hormones, chondroitin

Answer 26

Sulphur

Question 27

Bone, activator of enzymes for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

Answer 27

Magnesium

Question 28

Component of vitamin B12

Answer 28

Cobalt

Question 29

occurs in blood serum in a protein called transferrin, which is concerned with the transport of ____ from one part of the body to another.

Answer 29

Iron

Question 30

Haemoglobin synthesis, enzyme systems, pigments

Answer 30

Copper

Question 31

*is needed in the production of thyroxine by the thyroid gland. *Symptoms include goiter and hairlessness at birth

Answer 31

Iodine

Question 32

is important in the animal body as an activator of many enzymes such as hydrolases and kinases and as a constituent of arginase, pyruvate carboxylase and manganese superoxide dismutase

Answer 32

Manganese

Question 33

Component of glutathione peroxidase, iodine metabolism, immune function

Answer 33

Selenium

Question 33

Enzyme component and activator

Answer 33

Zinc