Flashcards in Chapter 7 And 9 Test Review Deck (28):
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Ion
Positively (-electron) and negatively (+electron) atoms
1
Anion
Negatively charges ion. (gained electrons)
2
Cation
Positively charged ion ( lost electrons)
3
Octet rule
The tendency of atoms to gain or lose electrons to so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas (usually 8 valence electrons)
4
Valence electrons
Electrons in highest energy level of an atom
(the outermost energy level)
5
Isoelectronic
Having the same number of electrons as a noble gas. (2 or 8 valence electrons)
6
monatomic ion
An ion with one ion
Named by: element name (charge) ion
7
Naming a cation
Element name + ion
Ex sodium ion
8
Naming anion
Element name ending with ide + ion
Ex: chloride ion
Ex: oxide ion
9
Naming polyatomic ions
Mostly end in "ate" or "ite"
10
Define polyatomic ion
A group of atoms with a charge
Can be + and -
11
Define oxyanions
Polyatomic ions which have oxygen in them
12
Polyatomic ion ammonium
NH +
4
13
Polyatomic ion acetate
C3H2O-
2
14
Chlorate
ClO-
3
15
Hydroxide
OH-
16
Nitrate
NO-
3
17
Carbonate
CO-2
3
18
Sulfate
SO-2
4
19
Phosphate
PO -3
4
20
Naming an ion compound
Cation then anion(ide)or (ate)
21
Ionic compound formulas
Include charge and ( ) when required
22
How are hydrates different then ionic compounds?
A hydrate has H2O molecules between cations and anions
23
Ionic bond
The electrostatic force of attraction between ions of opposite charge
24
Electrostatic force
Attraction or repulsion between 2 objects that have charges
25
Ionic compounds (salts)
Electronically neutral charge with an equal number of + and - charges
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5 properties of ionic compounds
1. Most are Crystalline solids at room temp. (Crystal Lattice)
2. High melting and boiling point (strong bonds)
3. Hard yet brittle (direct force over certain area)
4. As solid poor electric conduction (no moving charge for current)
5. Can conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved
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