Chapter 7 - Integumentary System & Body Temp. Flashcards
1
Q
Skin
A
Cutaneous membrane
- Larger organ
2
Q
Epidermis
A
Stratified squamous
- Avascular
- Stratus corneum
- Stratus germanatirum
- cells push upwards towards the surface, replacing the dead cells
- keratinization
- Melanocytes
3
Q
Stratus corneum
A
- About 30 layers of dead sells
- Flake off (Think dandruff)
4
Q
Stratus germanatirum
A
- Layer of continuously dividing (mitosis) cells
- Makes million of new cells every day
5
Q
keratinization
A
- Tough protein deposited with in cells (keratin)
- Makes skin waterproof.
6
Q
Melanocytes
A
Deep in epidermis
- Contains melanin
- Everyone has same amount
- NV Light
- Albinism
- Vitiligo
- Freckles and moles
7
Q
Contains melanin
A
skin darkening pigment
8
Q
NV Light
A
causes secretion of more melanin
9
Q
Albinism
A
- Lack of melanin
- Genetic
10
Q
Vitiligo
A
Patchy spot laking pigment
11
Q
Freckles and moles
A
- Concentrated spots of melanocytes
- Normal to have approximately 10 to 20 moles
- Moles can become melanoma (cancer)
12
Q
Cancers Moles
A
- Asymmetry
(Circle is good, a line or triangle is bad)
- Borders of uneven (bumpy)
- Color
(Red, blue or black)
- Diameter
(larger than pencil eraser)
13
Q
Dermis
A
Dense fibrous CT
- Accesory structures
>Hair, glands, Nails
- Vascular; blood-vessels, nerves, some muscle
- Nerves
14
Q
Subcutaneous
A
Hypo dermis
- Loose CT and adipose (fat)
- cushion and insulin
Anchors skin to underlying structures
knuckles, knees, and elbows don’t have much subcutaneous layer
15
Q
Layers
A
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Subcutaneous
16
Q
Functions
A
- Absorption
- Color
- Hair
- Glands
17
Q
Absorption
A
- Chemicals, drugs, toxins, etc.
- Wear gloves and masks to prevent
18
Q
Color
A
Can be indicator
- Cyanosis
- Flushed
- Pallor
- Ecchmosis
- Jaundice
- Carotene
19
Q
Cyanosis
A
Bluish; poorly oxygenated skin
20
Q
Pallor
A
Pale; blood vessels dilate
21
Q
Ecchmosis
A
Bruise
22
Q
Jaundice
A
Yellow; malfunction of liver
( excess bilirubin )
23
Q
Carotene
A
Yellow/orange pigment
24
Q
Hair
A
Warm, protection, influenced by sex hormones
- Root in follicle ( under skin )
- Shaft ; outside of head/skin
- Color - Based off genetics, age, environment
- Wavy, Carly, or Straight
- Reveals drugs, chemicals, poisons
- Provides heat
25
Wavy, Carly, or Straight
Depends on shape of shaft
- Round = Straight
- Oval = Wavy
- Flat = Curly
26
Arrector pili
Causes skin to rise and hair to stand ( goose bumps ) to keep heat in.
27
Glands
Exocrine ; secrete outside the body
1. Sebacons
2. Sweat glands
3. Extra glands
- Blackheads : Blocked glads; sebum hardens
- Pimples : Blocked and staphy locous
28
Sebacons
Oils
| - lubricate and keep water proof
29
Sweat glands
Sudoriferious
- 3 million
- apocrine
- eccrine
30
Apocrine
Associated with hair in axillary and genital areas...... result of puberty
31
Eccrine
More numerous
- Temp. control
- Evaporate for cool
- Can make one gallon of sweat per hour
32
Extra glands
- Ceremonious
| - Mammary
33
Ceremonious
Cerumen ( earwax)
34
Mammary
Breast (milk)
35
Burns
Rules of Nines
| - Determins % of body burned
36
1st degree burn
- Sunburn
- red, painful, swollen
- Only epidermis is involved
37
2nd degree burn
- redness, pain, edema, blister, tan, white, purple
| - involves epidermis and dermis within the damage to dermis
38
3rd degree burn
- Painless because if destroys nerve endings
- Tan, white, brown, block, deep purple, deep cheery red
- Epidermis and dermis are destroyed and potentially damaged to underlying layers.
