Chapter 7: Life Span Development

Question 1

the younger the person, the ______ his or her pulse and respiratory rates should be

Answer 1

faster

Question 2

blood pressure values tend to __________ with age

Answer 2

increase

Question 3

neonate

Answer 3

birth to 1 month

Question 4

infant

Answer 4

month to year

Question 5

head of a neonate

Answer 5

25% of its body weight

Question 6

infant growth

Answer 6

1 oz per day, doubling weight by 4-6 months and tripling by end of first year

Question 7

cardiovascular system of infant

Answer 7

fetal circulation occurs thru placenta, hormones and pressure change neonate to make the transition from fetal circulation to independant circulation

Question 8

pulmonary system of infant

Answer 8

“nose breathers”

rib cage is less rigif and the ribs sit horizontally
an infants tounge is large in proportion to the oral cavity and the airway is proportionally shorter and narrower

airway obstructions are more common

Question 9

what can too forceful ventilations result in for infants

Answer 9

trauma from pressure or barotrauma

Question 10

moro reflex

Answer 10

happens when neonate is caught off guard by something or someone and it opens his or her arms wide, spreads the fingers and grabs things

Question 11

palmar grasp

Answer 11

occurs when obj is placed into neonates palm

Question 12

rooting reflex

Answer 12

when something touches a neonates cheek, it instictively turns hos or her head toward the touch

Question 13

sucking reflex

Answer 13

occurs when neonates lips are stoked

Question 14

fontanelles

Answer 14

allows the head to be molded, and eventually molds to form the skull

Question 15

when does the posterior fontanelle normally fuse

Answer 15

third month of life

Question 16

when does the anterior fontanelle fuse

Answer 16

9-18 months of age

Question 17

on assessment what does it mean when either of the fontenelles are depressed

Answer 17

the infant is most likely dehydrated

Question 18

immune system for infants/neonate

Answer 18

in the womb, the fetus collects antibodies from the maternal blood, and this passive immunity is further strengthened nu antibodies found in breast milk

Question 19

secure attachment

Answer 19

when an infant understand that parents adn caregives will repsond to their needs

Question 20

anxious avoidant attachment

Answer 20

infants who are repeatedly rejected, isolated lifestyle

Question 21

trust vs mistrust

Answer 21

concludes at 18 months

Question 22

toddlers pulse & respiratory rate

Answer 22

90-150 beats/min, respiratory is 20-30 breaths permin

Question 23

preschooler pulse and respiratory rate

Answer 23

80-140 beats per min, and respiratory is 20-25 breaths/min

Question 24

at __ months, basic language is mastered

Answer 24

36

Question 25

when do toddlers begin to learn cause and effect

Answer 25

18-24 months

Question 26

preconventional reasoning

Answer 26

children act to purely avoid punishment and to get what they want

Question 27

conventional reasoning

Answer 27

look for approval from their peers and society

Question 28

postconventional reasoning

Answer 28

making decisions guided by their conscience

Question 29

adolescents blood pressure and pulse rate and repsiations

Answer 29

blood pressure is between 90-11o mm Hg, pulse rate is 60-100 beats.min and respirations are in the range of 12-20 breaths/min

Question 30

what age does antisocial and high risk behavior and peer pressure peak

Answer 30

14-16 years

Question 31

early adults pulse rate, repsiratory rate, and systolic blood pressure

Answer 31

pulse rate is 70 beats/min, respiratory rate will stay in range of 12-10 breaths permin, systolic blood pressure is 90-120 mm Hg

Question 32

what begins to happen as adulthood continues

Answer 32

disks in spine begin to settle, fatty tissues increase, muscle strengths decreases, and reflexes slow

Question 33

middle adults vulnerabilities

Answer 33

vision and hearing loss, cardiovascular issues, greater incidence of cancer

Question 34

when does menopause begin

Answer 34

late 40's or early 50's

Question 35

atherosclerosis in older adults

Answer 35

cholestrol and calcium build up inside walls of blood vessels, leading to partial or complete blockage of flow

Question 36

respiratory system in older adults

Answer 36

size of airway increases and surface area of alveoli decreases elascicity of lung decreases and the strength of mucles will also decrease

Question 37

by age 75, vital capacity ________ and residual volume ___________ with age

Answer 37

decreases, increases

Question 38

endocrine system

Answer 38

glucose metabolism slows, and inculin production decreases. size of a womans uterus and vagina decreases and hormone production in both genres gradually declines

Question 39

nephrons

Answer 39

basic filtering unit in kidneys

Question 40

what does loss of renal function indicate

Answer 40

decrease in ability to clear waste from the body, decrease ability to conserve fluids when needed