Chapter 7: Survey Research

Question 1

What is a response set?

Answer 1

A tendency to respond to all questions from one perspective rather than provide answers that are directly related to the questions, ex. agreeing with everything that’s asked

Question 2

What is the most common response set? Define it.

Answer 2

Social desirability- answering in the most socially acceptable way, can lead to underreported undesirable behaviors

Question 3

How can yea-saying and nay-saying be avoided?

Answer 3

By using reverse coding so questions are worded in a way that consistent agreement can’t occur

ex. “I like to solve puzzles”

“I prefer simple to complex tasks”
Both can’t be answered as yes

Question 4

What types of rating scales are there?

Answer 4

1. Graphic rating scale- Requires a mark along a continuous 100 mm line that is anchored with descriptions at each end
2. Semantic differential scale- Rate concepts on a series of bipolar adjectives using 7 (or 5/9) point scales
3. Labeling response alternatives- clearly defines each response option

Question 5

What type of rating scale is shown?

Answer 5

Graphic rating scale

Question 6

What kind of rating scale is shown?

Answer 6

Semantic differential scale

Question 7

What type of rating scale is shown?

Answer 7

Labeling response alternatives

Question 8

Explain confidence intervals

Answer 8

An interval of values within which there is a given level of confidence where the population value lies

ex. 64% of ppl prefer to study at home, +/-3 degree of confidience

confidence interval would be 58%-64%

Question 9

The results of a survey are accurate within 4%. Researchers found that 70% of students who attend class have high GPAs. What is the confidence interval?

Answer 9

+/- 4%, between 66% and 74%

Question 10

T/F larger sample size increases the size of the confidence interval

Answer 10

False, it decreases it as the larger the population, the more accurate the results

Question 11

What are the 2 ways of sampling from a population?

Answer 11

1. Probability sampling 2. Nonprobability sampling

Question 12

What is probability sampling

Answer 12

Each member of a population had a specifiable probability of being chosen

Question 13

What is nonprobability sampling

Answer 13

The chance of any particular member of the population being chosen is unknown

Question 14

What are the 3 types of probability sampling?

Answer 14

1. Simple random sampling 2. Stratified random sampling 3. Cluster sampling

Question 15

What is simple random sampling?

Answer 15

Every member of a population had an equal probability of being selected

Question 16

What is stratified random sampling?

Answer 16

Population is divided into subgroups and random sample techniques are used to select people from each strata

Question 17

What is cluster sampling?

Answer 17

Identify clusters of individuals and then randomly choose clusters and sample all people within a given cluster

Question 18

What are the 3 ways of nonprobability sampling?

Answer 18

1. Haphazard sampling 2. Purposive sampling 3. Quota sampling

Question 19

What is haphazard sampling?

Answer 19

Convenience sampling, you select your sample in any way thats convenient for you (ex. stand outside and ask 50 ppl to take the survey)

Question 20

What is purposive sampling?

Answer 20

Obtain a sample of people who meet some predetermined criterion (ex. only include 21 and older)

Question 21

What is quota sampling?

Answer 21

When a sample is chosen that reflect the numerical composition if various subgroups in the population- no random sampling occurs ex. 25% freshmen, sophomores, etc.

Question 22

What is yea and nay saying?

Answer 22

When participants employ a response set to all questions (saying yes or no to everything)

Question 23

What are response rates and which form of surveys has the highest and lowest response rate

Answer 23

The % of participants who respond/complete a survey

In person interviews have the highest, mail and online surveys have the lowest