Chapter 7 Tables

Question 1

cancer related to arsenic (2)

Answer 1

lung and skin carcinoma

ex. metal smelting, drinks

Question 2

cancer related to asbestos (4)

Answer 2

lung, esophageal, gastric, colon carcinoma

ex. fire, heat, friction using appliances

Question 3

cancer related to benzene (1)

Answer 3

acute myeloid leukemia

ex. light oil, paint, rubber, dry cleaning

Question 4

cancer related to beryllium (1)

Answer 4

lung carcinoma

ex. missile fuel

Question 5

cancer related to cadmium (1)

Answer 5

prostate carcinoma

ex. yellow pigments and phosphorus, batteries

Question 6

cancer related to nickel (2)

Answer 6

lung and oropharyngeal carcinoma

ex. nickel plating

Question 7

cancer related to radon (1)

Answer 7

lung carcinoma

ex. underground mines

Question 8

cancer related to vinyl chloride (1)

Answer 8

hepatic angiosarcoma

ex. refrigerant

Question 9

cancer related to chromium (1)

Answer 9

lung carcinoma

ex. preservatives

Question 10

neoplasm associated with inflammatory bowel diseases

Answer 10

colorectal carcinoma

Question 11

neoplasm associated with pancreatitis

Answer 11

pancreatic carcinoma from alcohol or mutation

Question 12

neoplasm associated with barrett esophagus

Answer 12

esophageal carcinoma from gastric acid

Question 13

neoplasm associated with hepatitis

Answer 13

hepatocellular carcinoma from hepatitis B and/or C virus

Question 14

neoplasm associated with chronic cervitis

Answer 14

cervical carcinoma from HPV

Question 15

neoplasm associated with chronic cystitis

Answer 15

bladder carcinoma

Question 16

neoplasm associated with gastritis/ulcers

Answer 16

gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphomas from H. pylori

Question 17

nuclear regulatory proteins for selected oncogenes

Answer 17

transcriptional activators

Question 18

proto-oncogenes of nuclear regulatory proteins

Answer 18

MYC and NMYC

Question 19

mode of activation in tumor for MYC

Answer 19

translocation- burkitt lymphoma and neuroblastoma

Question 20

mode of activation in tumor for NMYC and LMYC

Answer 20

amplification- neuroblastoma

Question 21

cell cycle regulators for selected oncogenes

Answer 21

cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase

Question 22

proto-oncogenes of cyclins

Answer 22

CCND1 (cyclin 1)

Question 23

proto-oncogenes of cyclin-dependent kinase

Answer 23

CDK4

Question 24

mode of activation in tumor for cyclin 1

Answer 24

translocation- mantle lymphoma and multiple myeloma

amplification- breast and esophageal cancer

Question 25

mode of activation in tumor for CDK4

Answer 25

amplification or point mutation- glioblastoma, melanoma, sarcoma

Question 26

gene inhibitors of mitogenic signaling pathways (7)

Answer 26

APC, NF1, NF2, PTCH, PTEN, SMAD2, SMAD4

Question 27

gene inhibitors of cell cycle progression (2)

Answer 27

RB, CDKN2A

Question 28

gene inhibitors of "Pro-growth" programs of metabolism and angiogenesis (4)

Answer 28

VHL, STK11, SDHB, SDHD

Question 29

gene inhibitors of invasion and metastasis (1)

Answer 29

CDH1

Question 30

gene inhibitors of genomic instability (1)

Answer 30

TP53

Question 31

gene DNA repair factors (5)

Answer 31

BRCA1, BRCA2, MSH2, MLH1, MSH6

Question 32

gene unknown mechanism for cancer

Answer 32

WT1, MEN1

Question 33

APC in cancer

Answer 33

function: inhibits WNT signaling defect: causes familial colonic polyps and carcinomas and sporadic carcinomas of stomach, colon, pancreas, and melanoma

Question 34

NF1 in cancer

Answer 34

function: inhibitor of RAS/MAPK signaling defect: causes neurofibromatosis 1 and sporadic neuroblastoma, myeloid leukemia

Question 35

NF2 in cancer

Answer 35

function: cytoskeletal stability defect: causes neurofibromatosis type 2 and sporadic schwannoma and meningioma

Question 36

RB in cancer

Answer 36

function: inhibitor of G1/S transition defect: causes familial retinoblastoma syndrome and sporadic retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma

Question 37

CDKN2A in cancer

Answer 37

function: p16; negative regulator of CDK and p14; indirect activator of p53 defect: causes familial melanoma and sporadic pancreatic breast and esophageal carcinoma

Question 38

VHL in cancer

Answer 38

function: inhibitor of hypoxia-induced transcription factors defect: causes Von Hippel Lindau syndrome and sporadic renal cell carcinoma

Question 39

TP53 in cancer

Answer 39

function: cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage defect: causes Li-Fraumeni syndrome and sporadic human cancers

Question 40

BRCA1 and 2 in cancer

Answer 40

function: repair of double-stranded breaks in DNA defect: causes familial breast and ovarian cancer

Question 41

WT1 in cancer

Answer 41

function: transcription factor defect: causes familial wilms tumor and sporadic wilms tumor

Question 42

Growth factor oncogenes (4)

Answer 42

PDGF-b, FGF, TGFa, HGF

Question 43

Growth factor receptor oncogenes (6)

Answer 43

``` EGF receptor family FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 Neurotrophic factor receptor PDGF receptor KIT ligand receptor ALK receptor ```

Question 44

Proteins involved in signal transduction oncogenes (5)

Answer 44

``` GTP Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase RAS Notch JAK/STAT ```