Chapter 8

Question 1

Explain how cellular respiration is a catabolic process whereas photosynthesis is an anabolic process

Question 2

What is the primary difference between light reactions and the Calvin cycle?

Question 3

What cell structures are involved in photosynthesis

Question 4

Describe the structure of the thylakoid membrane and how does it relate to the function of the chloroplast?

Question 5

Anoxygenic

Answer 5

form of photosynthesis that does not produce oxygen

Question 6

Oxygenic

Answer 6

form of photosynthesis that produces oxygen

Question 7

Light-dependent reactions

Answer 7

Use energy in sunlight to make ATP

Reduce NADP+ to NADPH

Question 8

Which reaction in photosynthesis involves two photosystems?

Answer 8

Light-dependent reactions

Question 9

Light-independent reactions

Answer 9

Use ATP and NADPH from light-dependent reactions to produce organic molecules from CO2

Question 10

Carbon fixation

Answer 10

formation of organic molecules from CO2

Question 11

Thylakoid membrane

Answer 11

internal membrane of chloroplast

Question 12

The thylakoid membrane is a phospholipid bilayer organized into __________.

Answer 12

Thylakoid disks

Question 13

Grana

Answer 13

stacked columns of thylakoid disks

Question 14

Stroma

Question 15

What structure in the chloroplast is analogous with the matrix of the mitochondria?

Answer 15

Stroma

Question 16

Pigments

Answer 16

molecules that absorb light in the visible range

Question 17

Photon

Answer 17

particle of light

Question 18

Photoelectric effect

Question 19

T or F: Long wavelengths are more effective than short wavelengths in producing photoelectric effect

Answer 19

F: Short wavelengths are more effective than long wavelengths in producing photoelectric effect

Question 20

Absorption spectrum

Answer 20

range and efficiency of photons a pigment is capable of absorbing

Question 21

What do chlorophylls absorb and what do they reflect?

Answer 21

Absorb violet-blue and red light

Reflect green light

Question 22

Chlorophyll a

Answer 22

Main photosynthetic pigment in plants and cyanobacteria

Question 23

Chlorophyll b

Answer 23

Accessory pigment/secondary light-absorbing pigment

Question 24

Describe the structure of a chlorophyll.

Question 25

What do carotenoids absorb and what do they reflect?

Answer 25

Absorb blue and green light Reflect orange and yellow light

Question 26

Why is eating carrots good for your eyes?

Answer 26

They contain carotenoid B-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A Vitamin A produces retinal (pigment used in vertebrate vision)

Question 27

Functions of carotenoids

Answer 27

Act as an antioxidant

Question 28

Photosystem consists of two components:

Answer 28

1. Antenna complex (light-harvesting complex) 2. Reaction center

Question 29

Antenna complex

Answer 29

collects photons and feeds light energy to reaction center

Question 30

Reaction center

Answer 30

transmembrane protein complex that receives energy from antenna complex

Question 31

Where do photosystems occur?

Answer 31

Surface of thylakoid membrane

Question 32

Photosystem I has an absorption peak of _____ nm

Answer 32

700

Question 33

Photosystem II has an absorption peak of ____ nm

Answer 33

680

Question 34

What does photosystem I do?

Answer 34

Passes electrons to reduce NADP+ to NADPH

Question 35

What does photosystem II do?

Answer 35

Generates high-energy electrons to synthesize ATP

Question 36

T or F: photosystem I comes before photosystem II

Answer 36

F: photosystem II comes before photosystem I

Question 37

_____ carries electron pair from b6-f complex to photosystem I

Answer 37

Plastocyanin

Question 38

The b6-f complex is similar to which complex in the ETC?

Answer 38

bc1 complex