Chapter 8

Question 1

Annuals

Answer 1

Complete life cycle is completed in a single season

Question 2

Biennials

Answer 2

Take two growing seasons to complete the cycle

Question 3

Perennials

Answer 3

May take several to many growing seasons to go from a germinated seed to a plant producing new seeds.

Question 4

Peduncle

Answer 4

Specialized branch at the tip of a stalk

Question 5

Pedicels

Answer 5

Branchlets if smaller stalks coming from peduncle

Question 6

Receptacle

Answer 6

Swelling of a peduncle or pedicel into a small pad

Question 7

Sepal

Answer 7

Leaflike features about the receptacle

Question 8

Calyx

Answer 8

Collective referral of the sepals

Question 9

Petals

Answer 9

Attract pollinators.

Question 10

Petals are collectively referred to as

Answer 10

The corolla

Question 11

Collective term of calyx and corolla

Answer 11

Perianth

Question 12

Bracts

Answer 12

Specialized leaves that are colorful and attract pollinators

Question 13

Stamen

Answer 13

Male reproductive part

Question 14

Pistil

Answer 14

Female reproductive part

Question 15

each stamen consists of

Answer 15

A slender filament with a sac called an anther at the top

Question 16

Pollen grains are found in

Answer 16

The anther

Question 17

The pistil consists of

Answer 17

Stigma- sticky tip
Style- tube connecting stigma to ovary
Ovary- swollen base which later turns to fruit.

Question 18

Carpels

Answer 18

Ovule bearing leaves

Question 19

Superior ovary

Answer 19

Occurs when the calyx and corolla are attached to the receptacle at the base of the ovary

Question 20

Inferior ovary

Answer 20

Occurs when the receptacle grows up around the ovary.

Question 21

Ovules

Answer 21

Eventually become a seed.

Question 22

Inflorescences

Answer 22

Groups of several to hundreds of flowers that may all open at the same time.

Question 23

Fruit

Answer 23

Any ovary and it’s accessory parts that has developed and matured

Question 24

The skin forms the

Answer 24

Exocarp

Question 25

The inner boundary around the seed(s) forms the

Answer 25

Endocarp

Question 26

Mesocarp

Answer 26

Fleshy tissue between the exocarp and endocarp

Question 27

Pericarp

Answer 27

The exocarp, endocarp, and mesocarp combined

Question 28

Simple fleshy fruits

Answer 28

Develop from a flower with a single pistil

Question 29

Drupe

Answer 29

A simple fleshy fruit with a single seed enclosed by a hard, stony pit

Question 30

Berries

Answer 30

Develop from a compound ovary and commonly contain more than one seed

Question 31

True berry

Answer 31

A fruit with a thin skin and a pericarp that is relatively soft at maturity

Question 32

Pepos

Answer 32

Berries with relatively thick rinds

Question 33

Hesperidium

Answer 33

Berry with leathery skin containing oils

Question 34

Pomes

Answer 34

Simple fleshy fruits, the bulk of whose flesh comes from the enlarged floral tube or receptacle that grows up around the ovary

Question 35

Dehiscent fruits

Answer 35

Dry fruits that spilt at maturity

Question 36

Follicle

Answer 36

Dehiscent- splits along one side or seam.

Question 37

Legume

Answer 37

Dehiscent- splits along two sides or seams

Question 38

Siliques

Answer 38

Dehiscent- splits along alone two sides or seams, but the seeds are borne on a central position. (Broccoli, cabbage)

Question 39

Capsules

Answer 39

Consist of at least 2 carpels and split a variety of ways.

Question 40

Indehiscent fruits

Answer 40

Dry fruits that do not split at maturity

Question 41

Achene

Answer 41

Only the base of the single seed is attached to the pericarp | Ex: sunflower seeds

Question 42

Nuts

Answer 42

One seeded fruits similar to achenes, but larger and the pericarp is harder.

Question 43

Grain

Answer 43

The pericarp is united with the grain and cannot be separated. Ex: corn, wheat

Question 44

Samaras

Answer 44

The pericarp surrounding the seed extends out in the form of a wing or membrane, which aids in dispersal

Question 45

Aggregate fruit

Answer 45

Derived from a single flower with several to many pistils

Question 46

Multiple fruits

Answer 46

Derived from several to many flowers in a single inflorescence

Question 47

Dispersal

Answer 47

Wind Animals Water Humans

Question 48

Plumule

Answer 48

Embryonic shoot of a seed

Question 49

Epicotyl

Answer 49

Short part of stem above cotyledons

Question 50

Hypocotyl

Answer 50

The stem below the attachment point of cotyledons

Question 51

Radicle

Answer 51

The tip that will develop into a root

Question 52

Coleoptile/coleorhiza

Answer 52

Tubular sheathing structures that enclose the plumule and radicle

Question 53

After ripening

Answer 53

The seeds will not germinate after the fruit has dropped until the embryo has developed fully with the aid of food materials stored in its endosperm