Chapter 8 - - Chemistry of the Body

Question 1

What is the term for when molecules undergo a transformation within a biological catalyst?

Answer 1

Substrates

Question 2

What is the term for a biochemical category that contains fats?

Answer 2

Lipids

Question 3

What is a food additive that has the same amount of calories as sugar, but is thousands of times sweeter?

Answer 3

Aspartame

Question 4

What is a type of fat that contains majority saturated fats?

Answer 4

Animal fat

Question 5

What is the term for the amount of energy that is required to heat 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius?

Answer 5

calorie

Question 6

What is the substance that limits the amount of product that is made?

Answer 6

Limiting substance

Question 7

What is a carbohydrate that only contains one sugar ring?

Answer 7

Monosaccharide

Question 8

What is the term for the state in which a person consumes enough calories in a day, but does not consume the proper nutrients?

Answer 8

Malnourished

Question 9

What is the term for chemicals added to foods to enhance shelf like or taste?

Answer 9

Food Additives

Question 10

What are Biological catalysts?

Answer 10

Enzymes

Question 11

What is a fat molecule that contains only single bonds in the chain?

Answer 11

Trans fat

Question 12

What is the state in which a person does not consume enough calories?

Answer 12

Undernourished

Question 13

What is a macro molecule that is made up of a combination of amino acids?

Answer 13

Carbohydrates

Question 14

What is a term combination of three fatty acid molecules with a glycerol?

Answer 14

Triglyceride

Question 15

Be able to Identify they type of macro molecule diagram

Answer 15

See your notes

Question 16

What is the term for fats that contain multiple double bonds in the Chain?

Answer 16

fats

Question 17

What is the term for Amino acids that must be consumed from specific plants or in dietary supplements if one does not consume meat?

Answer 17

Complimentary Proteins

Question 18

What is the term for sugars that form polymers?

Answer 18

Polysaccharides

Question 19

What are the essential molecules that are required for survival but are not fats, proteins or carbohydrates?

Answer 19

Vitamins

Question 20

What is a type of vitamin that can be stored in the body?

Answer 20

Fat-Soluble

Question 21

What are the amino acids that can be consumed by eating meats?

Answer 21

Complete Proteins

Question 22

What type of fat usually contains unsaturated and polyunsaturated fats?

Answer 22

Plant fat

Question 23

What is a classification of compounds that contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen - they can either be found in chain form or ring form?

Answer 23

Carbohydrates

Question 24

What is the term for a carbohydrate that contains two sugar rings?

Answer 24

Disacchardie

Question 25

What is the molecules that make up proteins and contain a COOH and NH3 group?

Answer 25

Amino Acids

Question 26

What is the term for the main energy carbohydrate that is broken down by glycolysis in the body?

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

What is the device that is used to measure the amount of energy in a substance?

Answer 27

Calorimeter

Question 28

What is the process in which unsaturated fatty acids have hydrogen atoms added to the double bonds?

Answer 28

Partial Hydrogenation

Question 29

Be able to identify a picture of a TYPE of molecule

Answer 29

Use you notes

Question 30

How much energy is in 1 g of fat?

Answer 30

9 cal

Question 31

Where does all energy from food come from?

Answer 31

The sun

Question 32

What would be an example of a polysaccharide?

Answer 32

Starch

Question 33

Be able to identify a transport protein

Answer 33

Use your notes

Question 34

What type of head and tail do fatty acids have?

Answer 34

Head - - polar | Tail - - nonpolar

Question 35

Be able to identify the limiting reactant of a picture

Answer 35

Use your notes

Question 36

What is the heaviest type of fat?

Answer 36

Polyunsaturated

Question 37

Be able to identify the biochemical process from an equation

Answer 37

Use your notes

Question 38

What biochemical are metabolized by the body for energy?

Answer 38

Lipids and Amino Acids

Question 39

What proteins are part of chromosome structure?

Answer 39

Histones

Question 40

What type of proteins help to control metabolism?

Answer 40

Insulin

Question 41

How many different types of amino acids are there?

Answer 41

20

Question 42

What protein has the function of acting like an antibody?

Answer 42

Gamma Globin

Question 43

Be able to identify a fat molecule

Answer 43

Use your notes

Question 44

What is an example of a disaccharide?

Answer 44

Lactose

Question 45

What is a byproduct of the creation of one triglyceride molecule?

Answer 45

Water

Question 46

Where are triglycerides stored?

Answer 46

Adipose cells