Nuclear Chemistry

Question 1

What are penetrating rays emitted by a radioactive source called?

Answer 1

Radiation

Question 2

What is a gas filled metal tube used to detect radiation?

Answer 2

Geiger Counter

Question 3

What are changes in the structure of DNA that fuels evolution?

Answer 3

Mutations

Question 4

What is the SI unit for measuring the amount you are exposed to ionizing radiation called?

Answer 4

Gray

Question 5

What is a relatively constant level of natural radiation?

Answer 5

Background radiation

Question 6

What contains two protons and two neutrons and has a double positive charge?

Answer 6

Alpha Particle

Question 7

What device uses a phosphor to detect radiation?

Answer 7

Scintillation Counter

Question 8

What is the time required for half of the atoms of a radioisotope to emit radiation and to decay?

Answer 8

Half-Life

Question 9

What happens when the nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons splitter the nucleus into smaller fragments?

Answer 9

Fission

Question 10

What is a control method for neutrons that involves decreasing the number of slow neutrons?

Answer 10

Neutron Absorption

Question 11

What is the process that uranium gives off rays?

Answer 11

Radioactivity

Question 12

What is a radioactive substance because they have unstable nuclei?

Answer 12

Radioisotope

Question 13

What is radiation that carries energy and potential harm and causes electrons to be ejected from atoms and molecules forming ions?

Answer 13

Ionizing Radiation

Question 14

What are radioisotopes used to study chemical reactions and molecular structures?

Answer 14

Tracers

Question 15

What are rods of cadmium that are used to increase or decrease the amount of energy produced?

Answer 15

Control Rods

Question 16

What do we use to measure the ionizing effect of living organisms?

Answer 16

REM

Question 17

What is the number of ionizations within a given volume?

Answer 17

Radiation Density

Question 18

What is the cancer of the white blood cells?

Answer 18

Leukemia

Question 19

What happens when two nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass?

Answer 19

Fusion

Question 20

What is a disease where cell growth and metabolism is out of control?

Answer 20

Cancer

Question 21

What consists of fast-moving electrons formed by the decomposing of a neutron of an atom?

Answer 21

Beta Radiation

Question 22

What are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons?

Answer 22

Isotopes

Question 23

What process is an unstable nucleus that loses energy by emitting radiation?

Answer 23

Radioactive Decay

Question 24

What unit expresses the absorbed dose of radiation?

Answer 24

RAD

Question 25

What process slows down the neutrons so that they can be captured by the reactor fuel to continue the chain reaction?

Answer 25

Neutron Moderation

Question 26

What are pellets of Uranium used to make energy?

Answer 26

Fuel Rods

Question 27

What is electromagnetic radiation in the visible and lower energy regions that is not harmful?

Answer 27

Nonionizing Radiation

Question 28

What is very harmful electromagnetic radiation with no mass and no electrical charge, with a very high frequency and small wavelength?

Answer 28

Gamma Radiation

Question 29

What is the quantity of radiation received?

Answer 29

Radiation Dosage

Question 30

What is a device that consists of several layers of photographic film covered with black lightproof paper encased in a plastic or metal holder?

Answer 30

Film Badge

Question 31

Where is electricity generated in a nuclear reactor?

Answer 31

Generator

Question 32

Chlorine (Cl) undergoes beta radiation. What is its new identity?

Answer 32

Argon (Ar)

Question 33

Gamma Radiation can only be stopped by what?

Answer 33

Lead

Question 34

What is the safe amount of REM to be exposed to?

Answer 34

0.5 REM per year

Question 35

Who laid the groundwork for the field of nuclear chemistry?

Answer 35

Antoine Henri Becquerel

Question 36

Which of the following is the weakest type of radiation? Alpha, Beta, Gamma?

Answer 36

Alpha

Question 37

Lead (Pb) undergoes alpha radiation. What is its new identity?

Answer 37

Mercury (Hg)

Question 38

The body can resist low levels of ionizing radiation because it can repair the damage?

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What causes a nucleus to become unstable?

Answer 39

Too many neutrons

Question 40

Where can Radon be found?

Answer 40

Ground water

Question 41

What type of cancer can excess radon lead to?

Answer 41

Lung cancer

Question 42

Geiger counters are primarily used for detecting what type of radiation?

Answer 42

Beta

Question 43

Why can't Geiger counters detect Gamma radiation?

Answer 43

Don't produce enough current

Question 44

What objects use nuclear fusion as their main energy source?

Answer 44

Stars

Question 45

Why can't we use fusion as an energy source?

Answer 45

Requires temperatures that are too high

Question 46

What is problematic about a nuclear fission?

Answer 46

Reactions are hard to control

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a type of ionizing radiation? Gamma radiation, X-Ray radiation, Visible Life?

Answer 47

Visible Life

Question 48

Where are protons located?

Answer 48

Inside the nucleus

Question 49

What is a form of ionizing radiation that results from charges in the nuclei of atoms?

Answer 49

Nuclear Radiation