Chapter 8 Pathology

Question 1

Infection and inflammation of bronchial airways

Answer 1

Acute bronchitis

Question 2

Acute, life-threatening condition of lung injury that develops secondary to other lung trauma or disorder

Answer 2

ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome

Question 3

Inflammation of the nasal membranes, caused by allergies

Answer 3

Allergic rhinitis

Question 4

Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of asbestos fibers

Answer 4

Asbestosis

Question 5

Disease marked by episodic narrowing in inflammation of the airways, resulting in wheezing, SOB, and cough

Answer 5

Asthma

Question 6

Partial collapse of the alveoli and tiny airways of the lung

Answer 6

Atelectasis

Question 7

A skill often taught in the first aid courses that helps restore a victim’s breathing and circulation

Answer 7

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR

Question 8

Group of diseases in which alveolar air sacs are destroyed, and chronic, severe SOB results

Answer 8

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD

Question 9

Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of coal dust; often called black lung or anthracosis

Answer 9

Coal workers pneumoconiosis

Question 10

Acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa; the common cold

Answer 10

Coryza

Question 11

Abnormally crackly lung sound- like the sound of Rice Krispies- Heard with a stethoscope, caused by air passing over retained secretions or by the sudden opening of collapsed airways

Answer 11

Crackles

Question 12

acute viral disease, usually in children, marked by a barking, seal like cough and respiratory distress

Answer 12

Croup

Question 13

Fatal genetic disease that causes frequent respiratory infections, increased airway secretions, and COPD in children

Answer 13

Cystic fibrosis

Question 14

Condition in which the nasal septum is displaced to the side, causing to nares to be unequal

Answer 14

Deviated septum

Question 15

Disorder marked by abnormal increase in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchial and destruction of the alveolar walls, resulting in loss of normal elasticity and it progressive dyspnea

Answer 15

Emphysema

Question 16

Collection of infected fluid, or pus, between the two plural membranes that the line the lungs

Answer 16

Empyema

Question 17

Episode of bleeding from the nose; commonly known as a nosebleed

Answer 17

Epistaxis

Question 18

Coughing up blood from the respiratory tract

Answer 18

Hemoptysis

Question 19

Condition in which blood or bloody fluid has collected within the intraplural space, causing lung compression and respiratory distress

Answer 19

Hemothorax

Question 20

Systemic respiratory disease caused by histoplasma capsulatum, a fungus calm found in soil contaminated with bird droppings

Answer 20

Histoplasmosis

Question 21

Chronic retention of CO2, causing symptoms of mental cloudiness in lethargy

Answer 21

Hypercapnia

Question 22

Common, contagious, acute viral respiratory illness; commonly called the flu

Answer 22

Influenza

Question 23

Condition of inflammation of the larynx, evidence to buy temporary poisonous or loss of the voice

Answer 23

Laryngitis

Question 24

Bacterial lung infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila

Answer 24

Legionellosis

Question 25

Rounded tissue growths on the nasal or sinal mucosa

Answer 25

Nasal polyps

Question 26

Dysfunctional breathing that occurs when the upper airway is intermittently blocked during sleep

Answer 26

Obstructive sleep apnea OSA

Question 27

Labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and improves when sitting up

Answer 27

Orthopnea

Question 28

Inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called sore throat

Answer 28

Pharyngitis

Question 29

Excess collection of fluid in the intraplural space

Answer 29

Pleural effusion

Question 30

Condition in which the pleurae become inflamed, causing sharp inspiratory chest pain; also called pleuritis

Answer 30

Pleurisy

Question 31

Any disease of the respiratory tract caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of dust particles

Answer 31

Pneumoconiosis

Question 32

Bacterial or viral infection of the lungs

Answer 32

Pneumonia

Question 33

Condition in which air collects in the interplural space; categorized as open, closed, spontaneous, or tension and commonly called collapsed lung

Answer 33

Pneumothorax

Question 34

Sudden obstruction of a pulmonary blood vessel by debris, blood clots or other matter

Answer 34

Pulmonary embolism PE

Question 35

Contagious infection caused by the Mycobacterium ____________ organism, primarily affecting the lungs but sometimes also spreading to and affecting other organ systems

Answer 35

Pulmonary tuberculosis TB

Question 36

Coarse, gurgling sound heard in the lungs with a stethoscope, caused by secretions in the air passages

Answer 36

Rhonchi

Question 37

Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of silica dust

Answer 37

Silicosis

Question 38

Inflammation of the lining of the sinus cavities

Answer 38

Sinusitis

Question 39

High-pitched upper-airway sound heard without stethoscope, indicating airway obstruction; a medical emergency

Answer 39

Stridor

Question 40

Infection and inflammation of upper airway structures, usually caused by a virus semicolon often called the common cold

Answer 40

Upper Respiratory infection URI

Question 41

Somewhat musical sound heard in the lungs, usually with a stethoscope, caused by partial airway obstruction such as with asthma

Answer 41

Wheeze