Chapter 9

Question 1

questionnaires and surveys are..

Answer 1

the most common types of data collection methods in psychology 205

Question 2

what are some examples of the large sample service industry?

Answer 2

Pew- political
Gallup- consumer opinion
youGov: international public opinion
Nielsen: tv and movie ratings

Question 3

what is each question a person can answer in a questionnaire?

Answer 3

item

Question 4

each item can be used as a

Answer 4

variable
ex.) what tv show are you watching?

Question 5

your item may also be a part of your…

Answer 5

operational definition

Question 6

responses to your items must be…

Answer 6

confidential

Question 7

what is a criterion variable?

Answer 7

the survey form of the DV
the focus of your survey
ex.) do you watch the superbowl?

Question 8

what is a predictor variable?

Answer 8

survey form of the IV
factors that might influence your criterion

Question 9

what is a demographic variable?

Answer 9

age.gender.access to TV
ex.) what demographic is most likely to watch the superbowl

Question 10

what are the 4 different question types>

Answer 10

1. open ended
2. restricted items
3. partially open ended
4. rating scale

Question 11

what are open ended items?

Answer 11

allows participants to respond using their own numbers, words, or lsts

Question 12

what is an example of numerical open ended?

Answer 12

how many times have you watched the jersey shore?

Question 13

what is an example of descriptive open ended

Answer 13

what do you like about the jersey shore?

Question 14

what is an example of list open ended?

Answer 14

“List all shows like the jersey shore”

Question 15

what are restricted items?

Answer 15

provide specific response alternatives

Question 16

when you give a restricted item survey you need to

Answer 16

list the questions in a logical order, and provide a whole spectrum of answers

Question 17

what is an example of providing a range of answers?

Answer 17

my interest increased
my interest did not change
my interest decreased

Question 18

what is a partially open ended item?

Answer 18

you provide specific respnse alternatives plus an other categoru at the end

Question 19

what does a partially open ended item allow for

Answer 19

allows for clarification to be given

Question 20

what is a rating scale?

Answer 20

provides a graded response to a question?
- ex would you buy disney = for a single movie and then ask participants to rate on a scale of very unlikely to very likely

Question 21

what is a rating scale?

Answer 21

provides a graded response to a question?
- ex would you buy disney = for a single movie and then ask participants to rate on a scale of very unlikely to very likely

Question 22

what are points?

Answer 22

the value of a choise (usually in the range of 5-7)

Question 23

what are anchors?

Answer 23

the labels of the meanings for points
very unlikely or likely etc.

Question 24

what are the three types of rating scales?

Answer 24

Visual analog scale
Likert scale
likert type scale

Question 25

what is the visual analog scale (VAS)

Answer 25

removes all scale points participants place a line where hey feel is appropriate line placement is then measured to retrieve a score

Question 26

what is the likert scale?

Answer 26

the extent to with a participant agrees about a statement using a point scale - anchors always range from strongly agree to strongly disagree

Question 27

what is a likert type scale?

Answer 27

its is like the likert scale you just don't use the word agree

Question 28

your items should have both...

Answer 28

continuity and logic ie) related questions should be ordered together

Question 29

your questions should not....the particpant

Answer 29

lead

Question 30

how can you avoid leading the participant

Answer 30

any questions that may lead the participant should be placed at the end

Question 31

your survey should also be...

Answer 31

understandable and easy to read short

Question 32

what are the methods of distributing a survey?

Answer 32

- mail - phone - internet - face to face interview

Question 33

what are the benefits to a mail survey?

Answer 33

they are the best way to achieve a near random sample

Question 34

what are the cons to mail surveys

Answer 34

they have a high nonresponse bias

Question 35

what are ways to get people to repspond to your mail survey

Answer 35

include cash in the envelope make multiple attempts

Question 36

what are the two ways to take a phone survey?

Answer 36

in person calling automated response system

Question 37

what are the benefits of telephone surveys?

Answer 37

you have better access to older adult

Question 38

what are some of the cons to a telephone survey?

Answer 38

there is also a high non response bias (it was a better form when there were landlines, that was the best way to get a near random sample)

Question 39

what are some ways you can share an internet survey

Answer 39

- you can sent the direct file, share the link, make a social media post

Question 40

what are the benefits of an internet survey?

Answer 40

you have access to very large samples

Question 41

what are some cons to internet surveys?

Answer 41

you end up with a bias toward tech users

Question 42

what are some pros to face to face interviewing?

Answer 42

they have a much higher response rate

Question 43

what do face to face interviews have a higher response rate?

Answer 43

there is social pressure to participate participation is also higher when it is a member of the opposite sex giveing the survey

Question 44

what do face to face interviews have a higher response rate?

Answer 44

there is social pressure to participate participation is also higher when it is a member of the opposite sex giving the survey

Question 45

what are some cons to face to face interviewing?

Answer 45

people are less likely to admit unpopular behavior or opinions there is interviewer bias,,

Question 46

what are some ways that interview bias can occur

Answer 46

tone and demeanor of the questions asked can effect responses

Question 47

ehat are the three types of face to face interview

Answer 47

structured, unstructured, and semi structured interviews

Question 48

what is a structured interview?

Answer 48

you ask specific questions that were previously prepared

Question 49

what is an unstructured interview?

Answer 49

you do not predetermine exact questions, you just have broad topics that yield discussion and conversation - can also yield unexpected information you may not get with a structured interview

Question 50

what is a semistructured interview>

Answer 50

there are elements of both types of interviews

Question 51

what is a mixed model item?

Answer 51

you use multiple methods to get data - you interview some, call some, text some, etc.

Question 52

what are some pros to mixed model items?

Answer 52

it diversifies your sample, and increases the number of repsonses you can recieve

Question 53

what are some drawbacks to the mixed model method?

Answer 53

there are more opportunities for error your responses may vary depending on how the item is recieved in each fashion

Question 54

your survey sample should

Answer 54

represent the population

Question 55

your sample should be... and even random sampling can be.....

Answer 55

non biased,, biased by chance

Question 56

what is stratified sampling?

Answer 56

you determine the relevent strata in your population

Question 57

what is a strata?

Answer 57

strata are groups with in your intended variables

Question 58

what is an example of a strata>

Answer 58

class sized

Question 59

how should you select your sample?

Answer 59

to represent your strata equally ex.) you must have 10 students from each class size

Question 60

what is a proportionate sample

Answer 60

ypu select your sample to reflect the strata proportionately

Question 61

how many people do you need for a sample?

Answer 61

you want enough to avoid sampling error, if a sample is too small then it will not represent the population you want as many as possible