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Intro to Research Methods > Quiz 3 Flashcards > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what did researchers study when they were looking at “Grit”

A

they studied that west point cadets and national spelling bee finalists both had very high levels of grit

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2
Q

what is the upcoming challenge in our research projects?

A

choosing our variables and our methods of measuring each variable

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3
Q

ex) how do you define the term “gritty”

A
  • having perseverance and passion for long term goals
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4
Q

where in a research paper would you include information about the definition of the term gritty?

A

in the introduction

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5
Q

what does it mean to have high grit?

A
  • isn’t discouraged by setbacks
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6
Q

what does it mean to have low grit?

A

-having passions that change often

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7
Q

how would you operationally define “grit”?

A
  • years of participation in an activity
  • number of recorded failures and time taken until giving up
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8
Q

what can happen even if you find a method to test your variables that you like

A

that method is very subject to change

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9
Q

what are some qualitites of a good measure?

A
  • reliability
  • validity
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10
Q

what does it mean for a result to be reliable?

A

the result is consistent time after time,, the measure should produce a consistent result under similar conditions

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11
Q

what does it mean for a result to be valid?

A

the results you are getting are accurate to what you are trying to measure

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12
Q

what is an example of reliability?

A

every 10 yo spelling be champion should score high on the grit scale

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13
Q

what is an example of validity?

A

grit measures the liklihood to continue hard tasks

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14
Q

what is an example of something that was measured that turned out to be not valid?

A

phrenology, people thought that having a large skull meant that you were smart, but in reality it meant nothing at all. Their results did not measure what they wanted them to.

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15
Q

what are ways that we can measure variables?

A

tradition , new techniques, available equiptment

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16
Q

what are three ways that we are able to measure different variables?

A

through tradition, new techniques, and available equipment

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17
Q

what is the tradition way of measuring variables?

A

you measure the variables the way that other studies have done before

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18
Q

what is an example of a tradition method?

A

angela duckworths grit survey

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19
Q

what is the new techniques method of measuring variables?

A

applying new methods that were generated other research fields and then apply them to new aread

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20
Q

what is an example of the new techniques method?

A

using fmri’s to look at the brain scans of people with high and low grit levels to look at similarities when really fmri’s are really used mostly in neuroscience

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21
Q

what is the available equipment way of measuring variables?

A

choosing your operational definition based on what you have access to

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22
Q

what is an example of the available equipment method?

A

using handgrip to measure grittiness because handgips are usually very cheap and easy to get ahold of.

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23
Q

does grit predict educational success?

A

education is correlated to grit, but grit is not only education
- therefore grit is not a reliable measure of educational success

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24
Q

if a scale is reliable and valid then it will read

A

the same correct weight over and over and over (150, 150, 150)

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25
Q

if a scale is reliable and not valid then it will read

A

the same incorrect weight every time (140,140,140)

26
Q

if a scale is not reliable but is valid then it will read

A

different incorrect weight with the correct average (151, 160, 144, 162) but their average will be 150

27
Q

if a scale is if a scale is not reliable and not valid then it will read

A

different incorrect weights that are not at all in the ballpark of the correct number

28
Q

what are the 3 categories of measures?

A
  • behavioral
  • self-report
  • physiological
29
Q

what are the two types of behavior that you can measure?

A
  1. frequency of behavior
  2. latency of behavior
30
Q

what is behavioral observation?

A

when you record observed behavior

31
Q

howbdo you measure the frequency of behavior?

A

by taking count data
ex.) how many times a person chooses a product

32
Q

how do you measure latency

A

time data
ex.) how long did it take to decide on a single product

33
Q

what does a marketing psychologist study?

A
  • their audience
  • perceptions
  • attention
  • memory
34
Q

what are self-report measures?

A

a way to collect subjective survey responses

35
Q

what are two ways to take self report measures?

A
  • rating scale
  • q-sortng
36
Q

what is the rating scale method?

A

on a scale of 1-5 how loyal are you to brand x
- rating things on a scale

37
Q

what is the Q-sorting method?

A

when you organize these brands on likelihood to purchase?

38
Q

what does Q-sorting help determine?

A

packaging choices, brand name choices, secondhand exposure

39
Q

what are the different divisions of surveys?

A

retrospective survey
prospective survey
state report
trait report

40
Q

what is a retrospective survey?

A

a survey about your past behavior,, what DID your family prepare for another pandemic?

41
Q

what is a prospective survey?

A

a survey about your future behavior,, what WILL you buy to prepare for another pandemic

42
Q

what is a state report?

A

a survey about your immediate behavior, how hungry are you right now while grocery shopping

43
Q

what is a trait report?

A

a survey about your average behavior, on average how hungry are you when you grocery shop?

44
Q

self report answer for yourself

A
  • when shopping how likely are you to make an impulse buy?
45
Q

informant report?

A

you answer your survey on behalf of others,, when shopping how likely is person x to make an impulse buy?

46
Q

what is a drawback of self report surveys?

A

some decisions that we make are unconscious, so it is impossible for us to report them

47
Q

what are different physiological measures?

A

-autonomic measures
- event processing measures

48
Q

what is a physiological measures

A

you record physiological events

49
Q

what are autonomic responses?

A

you measure heart rate or sweating during a vehicle test drive

50
Q

what are event processing responses?

A

measuring eye movements or brain activitiy

51
Q

what are the challenges behavioral measurement?

A

-some behaviors are hard to observe

52
Q

what are the challenges to self report measures?

A

-ppl lie
- some questions are poorly worded or biased toward a certain answer

53
Q

what are the challenges to physiological measures?

A
  • it is invasive and can effect normal behavior
  • requires special equipment
54
Q

what are some problems that could occur with data?

A

floor effects and ceiling effects

55
Q

what is a floor effect?

A

when all values are very low, and no one does what you observe

56
Q

what is a ceiling effect?

A

all values are too high,, every one agrees on one thing or does thing thing you are observing

57
Q

what is a key component to collecting data?

A

you need to have variability

58
Q

How can you avoid issues within data

A

timing, and pilot testing

59
Q

what is timing, and how does it prevent certain challenges

A

how long should a collection last, and what time of day to collect data? different times can effect certain behaviors which give you inaccurate readings

60
Q

what is pilot testing and how does it prevent challenges?

A

wnaive participants experience your study without collecting data
- others read your study and look for points of confusion or bias so you can remediate them before actually completing the study

61
Q

what is one last thing that can help your study from any confounds?

A

keeping good notes allows you to identify for a third variable

62
Q

what is one last thing that can help your study from any confounds?

A

keeping good notes allows you to identify for a third variable

Intro to Research Methods (9 decks)

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