Chapter 9: Joints

Question 1

Any point where two bones meet is called a ___________, whether or not the bones are mobile at the interface.

Answer 1

Joint (articulation)

Question 2

The science of joint structure, function, and dysfunction.

Answer 2

Arthrology

Question 3

The study of musculoskeletal movement.

Answer 3

Kinesiology

Question 4

What are the 4 major categories of joints? BFCS

Answer 4

Bony
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 5

An immobile joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and they become a single bone. Can form by ossification of either fibrous or cartilaginous joints.

Answer 5

Bony joint (synostosis)

Question 6

Also called a synarthrosis is a joint in which adjacent bones are bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone, cross the space between them and penetrate into the other.

Answer 6

Fibrous joint

Question 7

What are the 3 kinds of fibrous joints? SGS

Answer 7

Sutures
Gomphoses
Syndesmoses

Question 8

In syndesmoses, the fibers are longer and attached bones are more mobile. What is one example?

Answer 8

Shafts of radius and ulna have syndesmosis between them

Question 9

Also called amphiarthrosis joint where 2 bones are linked by cartilage, two types are synchondroses and symphyses.

Answer 9

Cartilaginous joints

Question 10

Cartilaginous joint in which bones are joined together by hyaline cartilage. Example, temporary joint between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone in a child.

Answer 10

Synchondrosis joint

Question 11

A cartilaginous joint in which two bones are joined by fibrocartilage one example is pubic symphysis and the cartilage between vertebrae

Answer 11

Symphysis

Question 12

Also known as diarthrosis which is a freely movable joint that includes the elbow, knee or knuckle.

Answer 12

Synovial joint

Question 13

These joints contain articular cartilage, a joint cavity, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, joint capsule, fibrous capsule.

Answer 13

Synovial joints

Question 14

Crescent-moon shaped cartilages that absorb shock and pressure guide bones across each other, improve fit between bone, and stabilize joint in the knee

Answer 14

Meniscus

Question 15

A strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone.

Answer 15

Tendon

Question 16

A tissue that attaches one bone to another bone

Answer 16

Ligament

Question 17

A fibrous sac of synovial fluid located between adjacent muscles where tendon passes over a bone or between bone and skin. Cushions muscles and helps tendons slide more easily over joints.

Answer 17

A bursa

Question 18

This synovial joint is created by the femur, tibia, patella, and fibula.

Answer 18

Tibiofemoral (knee) joint

Question 19

The patellar, tibial collateral, anterior cruciate (ACL), posterior cruciate are all ligaments that are a part of which joint?

Answer 19

Tibiofemoral (knee) joint

Question 20

The quadriceps femoris tendon, qudriceps femoris muscle, sartorius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis are attached to which joint?

Answer 20

Tibiofemoral (knee) joint

Question 21

What type of lever is the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 21

Third class lever

Question 22

What class of synovial joint is the tibiofemoral? Why?

Answer 22

Hinge joint because moves freely in one plane with very little movement in any other plane.

Question 23

What are the joint movements of the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 23

Flexion
Extension

Question 24

Arthritis, torn ACL, torn meniscus are all injuries involving which joint?

Answer 24

Tibiofemoral knee joint

Question 25

This procedure is involved in tibiofemoral injuries in which interior of joint is viewed with pencil-thin instrument through a small incision.

Answer 25

Arthroscopy

Question 26

This synovial joint is created by the occipital bone, atlas, and axis.

Answer 26

Atlanto-Occipital joint

Question 27

The cruciform, tectorial membrane, alar, and apica ligament of dens belong to which joint?

Answer 27

Atlanto-occipital joint

Question 28

The obliqus capitus inferior, obliqus capitus superior, and rectus capitus posterior major all belong to which joint?

Answer 28

Atlanto-occipital joint

Question 29

What type of lever is the atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 29

first-class lever

Question 30

What class of synovial joint is the atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 30

Elipsoid + gliding

Question 31

What are the joint movements of the atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 31

Flexion Extension (hyper extension) left rotation right rotation

Question 32

Dislocations, fractures, pinched nerve, and sprain are all injuries/problems of which joint?

Answer 32

Atlanto-occipital joint

Question 33

This diarthrosis joint is made up by the talus, tibia, and fibula.

Answer 33

Talocrural (ankle) joint

Question 34

The anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligament, medial deltoid, and lateral collateral ligament are all apart of which joint?

Answer 34

Talocrural (ankle) joint

Question 35

Foot and ankle arthritis, ankle sprains, flat feet, and tendinitis are all injuries and problems of which joint?

Answer 35

Talocrural (ankle) joint

Question 36

What type of movements are done by talocrural (ankle) joint?

Answer 36

dorisflexion plantar flexion

Question 37

The condyle of mandible and temporal bone make up which joint?

Answer 37

The Temporomandibular joint

Question 38

The lateral ligament, sphenoidmandibular ligament, and stylomandibular ligament are all major ligaments of which joint?

Answer 38

Temporomandibular joint

Question 39

What are the different joint movements of the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 39

Elevation Depression Protraction Retraction Lateral excursion Medial excursion

Question 40

TMJ dysfunction and dislocation of jaw due to deep yawns are some injuries/problems