chapter 9 movement assessments

Question 1

dynamic posture

Answer 1

represents what happens to that alignment when the body is in motion. a person may appear to have perfect static posture but it can change when in motion

Question 2

types of movement assessments

Answer 2

Transitional assessments
Loaded assessments
Dynamic assessments

Question 3

transitional assessments

Answer 3

involve movement without a change in one’s base of support (e.g., closed chain with both feet on the ground). Transitional movements allow for the assessment of an individual’s dynamic posture, quality and control of movement, and joint alignment during a specific movement pattern.

Overhead squat (OHSA)
Modified overhead squat
Single-leg squat (SLS)
Split squat

Question 4

5 kinetic checkpoints

Answer 4

Foot and ankle
Knee
Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC)
Shoulders and thoracic spine
Head and cervical spine

Question 5

loaded assessment

Answer 5

adding load. Push
Pull
Overhead press
Trunk rotation
Squat
Hinge
Split stance
Single leg and stepping
should relate to foundational movement patterns

Question 6

arched low back

Answer 6

anterior pelvic tilt

Question 7

dynamic movement assessment

Answer 7

Dynamic movement assessments involve movement with a change in one’s base of support. This would include movements such as walking and jumping.

Gait (walking) assessment
Depth jump assessment
The Davies test

Question 8

excessive pronation

Answer 8

Look for the arch of the foot to collapse and flatten, eversion of the heel, or malalignment of the Achilles tendon.

Question 9

feet turn out

Answer 9

Look for the toes to rotate laterally during the movement (aka foot abduction).

solutions
Active knee extension
Ankle dorsiflexion
Hip abduction and external rotation
Modified Thomas test
Seated hip internal and external rotation

Overactive/shortened

Biceps femoris (short head)
Gastrocnemius (lateral)
Soleus
Underactive/lengthened

Anterior tibialis
Gastrocnemius (medial)
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Hamstrings complex (medial)
Posterior tibialis

Question 10

posterior pelvic tilt

Answer 10

belly in and shoulders rounded with arch forward

Question 11

heels lift

Answer 11

Overactive/shortened

Quadriceps complex
Soleus

Underactive/lengthened

Anterior tibialis
Gluteus maximus

solutions
Active knee flexion
Ankle dorsiflexion

Question 12

Excessive pronation

Answer 12

Overactive/shortened

Fibularis (peroneal) complex
Gastrocnemius (lateral)
Tensor fascia latae
Underactive/lengthened

Anterior tibialis
Gastrocnemius (medial)
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Intrinsic foot muscles
Posterior tibialis

strengthen
Ankle dorsiflexion
Modified Thomas test
Seated hip internal and external rotation

Question 13

valgus (inward)

Answer 13

Overactive/shortened

Adductor complex
Biceps femoris (short head)
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tensor fascia latae
Vastus lateralis

strengthen
Active knee extension
Ankle dorsiflexion
Hip abduction and external rotation
Modified Thomas test
Seated hip internal and external rotation

Question 14

Varus (outward)

Answer 14

Overactive/shortened

Adductor magnus (posterior fibers)
Anterior tibialis
Biceps femoris (long head)
Piriformis
Posterior tibialis
Tensor fascia latae
Underactive/lengthened

Adductor complex
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex (medial)

mobility assessments
Active knee extension
Lumbar flexion
Modified Thomas test
Passive hip internal rotation
Seated hip internal and external rotation

Question 15

Asymmetric weight shift

Answer 15

Overactive/shortened

Same side as shift
Adductor complex
Tensor fascia latae
Opposite side of shift
Biceps femoris
Gastrocnemius/soleus
Piriformis
Underactive/lengthened

Core stabilizers
Same side as shift
Gluteus medius
Opposite side of shift
Adductor complex

Active knee extension
Ankle dorsiflexion
Hip abduction and external rotation
Modified Thomas test
Seated hip internal and external rotation

Question 16

most likely causing impairment for valgus

Answer 16

adductor complex and TFL

Question 17

most likely causing impairment lean forward

Answer 17

latissimus dorsi and pectoralis minor

Question 18

most likely causing impairment forward head

Answer 18

cervical extensor

Question 19

depth jump assessment

Answer 19

Starting Position

The individual stands on a 12-inch box.
A target line is drawn on the floor 12 inches in front of the box.
Movement

The individual is instructed to hop off of the box and land with both feet just after the line.
Upon the initial landing, the client should quickly jump up for maximum height.
The client will then land a second time under control.
The number of repetitions may vary for each client depending on their ability to perform under fatigue. One to three repetitions per view are recommended as a starting point, following an opportunity to practice the movement after a demonstration.

Question 20

davies assessment

Answer 20

Movement

Instruct the individual to quickly move the right hand to touch the left hand and then move the left hand to touch the right hand.
The individual’s body weight should shift over the planted hand as they touch it with the floating hand, while maintaining postural control and minimizing unnecessary trunk motion (e.g., excessive rotation).
Perform alternating touching on each side for 15 seconds and record both the number of times a line is touched by both hands and movement impairments observed.
Perform for three trials.

Question 21

For which movement impairment would one see the arch of the foot collapse or malalignment of the Achilles tendon?

Answer 21

Excessive pronation

Question 22

Which movement assessment utilizes bands or a cable machine to assess horizontal pushing capabilities?

Answer 22

Loaded push assessment

Question 23

What dysfunctional movement is observed during scapular elevation?

Answer 23

The shoulders moving upward toward the ears

Question 24

What compensatory movements create an excessive posterior pelvic tilt?

Answer 24

The pelvis rolling backward and lumbar flexion.

Question 25

Which movement assessment is considered the best assessment of an individual’s balance?

Answer 25

Single-leg squat

Question 26

Which movement assessment is a global observation of the entire kinetic chain and recommended as the first movement assessment to use with all clients?

Answer 26

overhead squat

Question 27

Which category of movement assessments includes gait assessments?

Answer 27

dynamic

Question 28

Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to scapular elevation during a loaded pulling movement?

Answer 28

lower trap

Question 29

Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to excessive pronation during the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 29

posterior tibialis

Question 30

Which view allows for the optimal assessment of frontal plane movements (adduction and abduction)?

Answer 30

Anterior

Question 31

Which category of movement assessments includes the split squat?

Answer 31

transitional

Question 32

Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to the arms falling forward during the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 32

Latissimus dorsi

Question 33

Which category of movement assessments includes the overhead squat?

Answer 33

transitional

Question 34

Which muscle would be considered overactive/shortened, leading to scapular elevation during a loaded pulling movement?

Answer 34

Upper trapezius

Question 35

Which muscle would be considered underactive/lengthened, leading to knee dominance during the split squat assessment?

Answer 35

Gluteus maximus

Question 36

True of False? Mobility represents the combination of available joint range of motion and the body’s neuromuscular control of that motion.

Answer 36

true

Question 37

Mobility assessments are used to pinpoint whether a movement impairment is due to a flexibility deficit (overactive/shortened) or a lack of neuromuscular activation (underactive/lengthened).

Answer 37

true

Question 38

True or False? Passive motion during a mobility assessment means that the client should move the joint into position with a voluntary muscle contraction.

Answer 38

false