Flashcards in Chapter Three Deck (93)
Loading flashcards...
1
what are the cells that express receptors in innate immunity
Macrophages, NK cells, and other cells of innate immunity
2
what is the general property of innate receptors
recognize distinguishable features that recognize microbial vs mammalian cell
3
what are some of the distinguishing features from a microbial vs mammalian cell in innate immunity
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
4
downfall of general property of innate receptors
human cells can carry some same characteristics as fungi, virus, bacteria and parasites
5
receptors: recognize one pathogen specie or many
many
6
why is it so good receptor can recognize multiple pathogenic species
take less receptors to recognize many pathogens
7
how many innate immune receptors
about 100
8
innate cell expresses how many receptors
subset of them
9
why so good cell can express many different receptors
diversity increases the probability that some fraction of the cells will be able to respond effectively to any given pathogen
even if human population has no exposure to
10
what do all body tissues contain
resident macrophages
11
function of resident macrophages
ready to attack any encroaching microorganism, commensal or pathogen
12
what receptors are on resident macrophages
CR1 and CR2 and other receptors
13
CR1 and 2 combine with other receptors on macrophages to do what
work together to bind the invaders and trigger their phagocytosis by macrophage
14
what ligands are recognized by phagocytic receptors
bacterial carbohydrates and lipids
15
lectins
cell surface receptors and plasma proteins that recognize carbohydrates
16
what are the two receptors that are lectins on macrophages
mannose receptor and dectin-1
17
what coordinates the interaction of the carbohydrate ligand with receptors
calcium ion
18
if calcium ion is involved for interaction of carbohydrate with receptors, what are the lectin receptors names
C-type lectins
19
what is the characteristic ligand-binding domain on c-type lectins
c-type lectin domain
CTLD
20
what makes different c-type lectins differ
the number of domains, CTLD
21
dectin-1 has how many CTLD
one
22
Mannose receptor has how many CTLD
8
23
mannose has another carbohydrate recognition domain where?
at amino terminus
24
what binds to other carbohydrate domain in mannose
sulfated galactosamine residues, R-type lectin
25
what are scavenger receptors (SR)
cell surface receptors on macrophages that scavenge damaged molecules of low density lipoprotein from blood
26
what are the two types of SR
SR-A and SR-B
27
what do SR-B recognizes
lipopeptides
28
what do SR-A recognize
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram negative bacteria and the techoic acid of gram positive bacteria
CpG-rich bacterial DNA
29
what do SR-A illustrate about binding to ligands
shows receptors of innate immunity can bind physically similar but chemically different ligands
30
