Chapter Two Flashcards
(114 cards)
Jules Bordet
nobel prize for his discoveries relating to immunity, 1919
definition of complement system
enhances/ complements pathogen destruction by other immune mechanisms
how many proteins are made in complement system
over 30
where are complement proteins made
in liver
proteins in complement system are what type of enzymes
proteolytic enzymes
serine proteases
zymogens
complement proteolytic enxymes produced in liver and that are circulating in a healthy individual
what triggers the activation of the complement system
infection
complement consists of what when activated
protein cleaves and activates next complement protein in the pathway
complement activation is similar to
the domino effect
what are the three pathways to complement activation
alternative
lectin
classical
which complement activation is first to act
alternative
which complement activation is last to act
classical
what starts alternative pathway
pathogen surface creates local environment conducive to complement activation
what starts lectin pathways
mannose- binding lectin binds to pathogen surface
what starts classical pathway
c-reactive protein or antibody binds to specific antigen on pathogen surface
what pathway is first to respond of immediate innate immune system once barrier has been breached
alternative
what is the most important protein in alternative pathway
complement component 3
C3
what type of bond in buried in the inactive serine protease
thioester bond
a confirmation change of C3 can cause what to thioester bond
can be hydrolyzed
when thioester bond is hydrolyzed what happens
new conformational change known as iC3
what can now bind to iC3
Factor B
what does Factor B do to iC3
allow factor D to attach
Factor D does what to Factor B
Factor B cleaves into Bb and Ba
what part of factor B stays attached to iC3
Bb, turning into iC3Bb