CHAPTER4 (TOPIC2)

Question 1

is the process where the body breaks down food into smaller molecules, primarily carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, so they can be absorbed and used for energy, growth, and repair.

Answer 1

Nutrient digestion

Question 2

Small nutrient molecules of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats

Answer 2

Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Triglycerides

Question 3

are foods rich in sugars also called Saccharides.
(Corn, Wheat, Rice bran)

Answer 3

Carbohydrates

Question 4

Many sugars are linked together (Cellulose, Starch,
Glycogen)

Answer 4

Polysaccharides

Question 5

• Two sugars are linked together (Sucrose, maltose, lactose)

Answer 5

Disaccharides

Question 6

• Single sugars (Glucose, Fructose, Galactose)

Answer 6

Monosaccharides

Question 7

are the simplest form of carbohydrates and are composed of a single molecule or subunit.

Answer 7

Monosaccharides

Question 8

The digestion starts in the Mouth. Through the action of ______ ______.

Answer 8

Salivary Amylase

Question 9

act to further breakdown the sugar from Polysaccharides to Disaccharides.

Answer 9

Pancreatic Amylase

Question 10

Monosaccharides are absorbed by the _____ to use as energy.

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

is a primary energy source for the body.

Answer 11

Glucose

Question 12

Disaccharides that also converted into Glucose in the liver.

Answer 12

Fructose and Galactose

Question 13

are large molecules comprised of Amino Acid

Answer 13

Proteins

Question 14

are linked together by a peptide bond to create a polypeptide chain.

Answer 14

Amino acid

Question 15

Protein Digestion starts in the ________.

Answer 15

Stomach

Question 16

in the stomach releases an enzyme called Pepsinogen which is an inactive enzyme.

Answer 16

Chief cell

Question 17

cells of the stomach that releases Hydrochloric Acid
(HCL).

Answer 17

Parietal cells

Question 18

functions as a proteolytic enzyme, breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids in the acidic environment of the stomach

Answer 18

Pepsin

Question 19

is an endopeptidase, meaning it breaks down proteins from within the chain, rather than from the ends.

Answer 19

Pepsin

Question 20

An enzyme called ________ released by the duodenal epithelial cells (cells lining the duodenum)

Answer 20

Enteropeptidase

Question 21

An enzyme called enteropeptidase released by the ______ ______ ____ (cells lining the duodenum)

Answer 21

Duodenal Epithelial Cells (DECs)

Question 22

only act on a specific end of a fragment breaking the bond and releasing amino acid at a time.

Answer 22

Carboxypeptidase

Question 23

which is located in the Intestine also releases enzyme Aminopeptidase and dipeptidase.

Answer 23

Micro villi

Question 24

An enzyme break the bond between dipeptides

Answer 24

Dipeptidase

Question 25

acts on the specific end of the fragment.

Answer 25

Amino peptidase

Question 26

Dietary Fat is called _______.

Answer 26

Lipids

Question 27

is a fat like molecule that does not have the ability to dissolve in water

Answer 27

Lipids

Question 27

which is produced by the liver and store in the gallbladder acts on the lipid to EMULSIFY it

Answer 27

Bile

Question 27

only acts on the surface area of the droplets, this enzyme is responsible for almost all the fat digestion.

Answer 27

Pancreatic Lipase

Question 27

means to break big fat droplet into small fat droplet

Answer 27

Fat Emulsification