Chapters D-G Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
What are the parts of the vertebral column
A
Cervical curvature, Thoracic curvature, lumbar curvature, sacral curvature, coccyx
2
Q
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
A
5
3
Q
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
A
12
4
Q
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
A
7
5
Q
What numbers are the true ribs
A
1-7
6
Q
What numbers are the false ribs
A
8-12
7
Q
the smooth surface area at the end of a bone, forming part of a joint
A
Condyle
8
Q
Shaped like a crown
A
Coronoid
9
Q
a Protuberance on a bone especially for attachment of a muscle or ligament
A
Tubrecule
10
Q
Shaped like a crow’s beak
A
Coracoid
11
Q
infra
A
below
12
Q
Supre
A
above
13
Q
a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage
A
Process
14
Q
A pit, cavity, or depression in a bone
A
Fossa
15
Q
any globelike or knoblike part, as a flower head or the head of a bone
A
Capitulum
16
Q
Acetabulum
A
‘Wine cup’
17
Q
Symphysis
A
a growing together
18
Q
Trochanter
A
the greek word for a runner”
19
Q
The_______ and __________ are condyles
A
trochlea and capitulum
20
Q
What does the capitulum articulate with
A
the radius
21
Q
What does the Trochlea articulate with
A
the ulna
22
Q
the funny bone – has a groove containing the ulnar nerve
A
Medial Condyle
23
Q
What is a common site for fracture in the arm/humerus/brachium
A
Surgical neck
24
Q
characteristics of Female Pelvic Girdle
A
- pelvis tilted forward
- bones, thinner, lighter smoother
- acetabula, smaller, further apart
- pubic arch — wider
- Sacrum – wider, shorter
- coccyx – more movable, straighter
- pelvic inlet or brim – wider
- Pelvic outlet – wider
25
characteristics of a male pelvic girdle
1. pelvis less tilted forward
2. bones, thicker, heavier, markings more prominent
3. Acetabula. larger, closer
4. pubic arch -- narrow
5. sacrum - narrow, longer
6. coccyx - less movable, curves ventrally
7. pelvic inlet or brim -- narrow
8. Pelvic outlet -- narrow
26
What is the strongest and heaviest bone in the bone
the femur
27
What guards the knee joint
the patella
28
Pit of the head attaches a ligament to acetabulum
fovea Capitis
29
what are the types of epithelial membrane
Cutaneous, mucous, serous
30
What lines the synovial joints, bursae and tendon sheaths
Synovial membrane
31
The cutaneous membrane are cells that are....
Dry, water proof, and keratinized
32
The mucous membrane are epithelial cells that are...
Resting on a layer of connective tissue, are wet, often secrete mucous
33
Line the body cavities that are closed to the exterior
serous membrane
34
- no epithelial cells
- composed entirely of connective tissue
- line joint cavities
- secrete synovial fluid
Synovial membranes
35
what are the primary tissue types
epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle
36
How many vertebrae are in the Sacral Curvature?
5 fused vertebrae
37
How many vertebrae are in the Coccyx vertebrae
4 fused vertebrae
38
Where are vertebral disks found in the vertebrae?
between the body portions of individual vertebrae
39
How many phalanges does each toe except the great toe have
3
40
What are the functions of epithelial tissue
1. covers internal and external body surfaces
2. is the boundary between the inside of the body and the environment
3. avascular
41
what tissues is a single layer of flattened cells with dics shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm; the simples of the epithelia
Simple squamous
42
What tissues function allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important and secrets lubrication substances in serosae
Simple squamous
43
What tissue is located in the kidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs; lining of heart; blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels;
Simple Squamous
44
What tissue is a single layer of cube-like cells with large, spherical central nuclei
Simple cuboidal
45
what tissues function is secretion and absorption
Simple cuboidal
46
Ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface.
Simple cuboidal
47
what tissue is a single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei
Simple columnar
48
what tissues function is absorption; secretion of mucous, enzyme, and other substances
Simple columnar
49
What tissues are located and lines the galbladder, digestive tract, and excretory ducts of some gland and some regions of the uterus.
Simple columnar
50
What tissue is a single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface;
Pseudo-stratified columnar
51
What tissue functions secret substances, particularly mucous, propulsion of mucus
Pseudo-stratified columnar
52
What tissue had cillia and is located in the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract.
Pseudo-stratified columnar
53
Thick epithelium composed of several cells layers; basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active; surface cells are flattened.
Stratified Squamous
54
protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
Stratified Squamous
55
Located in the esophagus, vagina, and mouth
Stratified Squamous
56
Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal or columnar; surface cells dome shaped or squamouslike; depending on a degree of organ stretch.
Transitional epithelium
57
Stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organ.
Transitional epithelium
58
Lines the urters, bladder and part of the urethra
Transitional epithelium
59
Most abundant tissue; protect, supports and bind together other tissues have any cells types most vascularized
Connective tissue
60
A model type of connective tissue
- cells 3 types of fibers
- ground substance
Areolar connective tissue
61
gel like matrix with all three fiber types: cells: fibroblast, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells
Connective tissue --> proper --> loose
62
Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid.
Connective tissue --> proper --> loose --areolar
63
matrix in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells,
connective tissue --> proper --> loose --> adipose
64
Provides reserve food fuel; insulates and protects organs
adipose tissue
65
Tissue found in the breast, eyeballs, abdomen, and kidneys
adipose
66
Loose network of reticular fibers in a gel like ground substance
connective - proper - loose - reticular
67
Tissue found in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen
recticular
68
Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers; major cells type is the fibroblast
Connective tissue - proper - dense - regular
69
Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tinsile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction
connective - proper - dense - regular
70
Tissue found in tendons, most ligaments, aponerouses
regular tissue
71
irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; fibroblast is the major cell type.
Connective tissue - proper - dense - irregular
72
withstands tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength.
Connective tissue - proper - dense - irregular
73
Tissue of the fibrous capsule of organs and joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract
Connective tissue - proper - dense - irregular
74
Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imprecptible network, chondroblast produce the matrix and when mature lie in lucunae.
connective tissue - cartilage - hyaline
75
Supports and reinforces; serves as resilient cushion; resist compressive stress
cartilage - hyaline
76
forms costal cartilages of the ribs ; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx.
connective tissue - cartilage - hyaline
77
Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix
connective tissue - cartilage - elastic
78
Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility
connective tissue - cartilage - elastic
79
Supports the external ear; epiglottis
connective tissue - cartilage - elastic
80
Matrix similar to but less firm that in hyaline cartilage, thick collagen fibers predominate
Fibrocartilage
81
Tensile strength allows to absorb compressive shock
Fibrocartilage
82
connective tissue located in the intervertebral disc
fibrocartilage
83
Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae. very well vascularized
connective tissue - bone
84
Supports and protects; provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; cite for blood cell formation (marrow)
Connective tissue - bone
85
connective tissue located in the bones
connective tissue - bone
86
Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma)
Connective tissue - blood
87
Transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and other subtances
Connective tissue - blood
88
Connective tissue contained within blood vessels
connective tissue - blood
89
Long cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations
Skeletal muscle
89
neurons are branching cells; cell process that may be quite long, extend from the nucleus- containing cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are nonexcitible supporting cells
Nervous tissue
90
voluntary movement locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control
Skeletal muscle
91
Muscle Located in the skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin
Skeletal muscle
92
branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that connect at specialized junction
Cardiac muscle
93
as it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control
Cardiac Muscle
94
Cells are spindle shaped, no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets
smooth muscle
95
propels substances or objects along internal passageways; involuntary control.
smooth muscle
96
Located mostly in the walls of hollow organs
smooth muscle
