characteristics and characteristics of living organisms

Question 1

7 characteristics of all living things

Answer 1

MRS GREN
movement
respiration
sensitivity
growth
reproduction
excretion
nutrition

Question 2

what is movement

Answer 2

an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place.

Question 3

what is respiration

Answer 3

describes the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

Question 4

what is sensitivity

Answer 4

the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make appropriate responses

Question 5

what is growth

Answer 5

is a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both

Question 6

what is excretion

Answer 6

is the removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells including respiration)

Question 7

what is nutrition

Answer 7

the taking in of materials for energy, growth and development. Plants require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions. Animals need organic compounds and ions and usually need water

Question 8

what is a species

Answer 8

group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 9

what is binomial nomenclature

Answer 9

is an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts showing the genus and the species.

Question 10

what is a genus

Answer 10

Closely related species are grouped into a genus (plural: genera). For example, stoats, weasels and polecats are grouped into the genus Mustela.

Question 11

what are the 2 parts of the binomial nomenclature naming system

Answer 11

genus and species
genus is always in capital letter and species is lowercase
eg Homo sapien

Question 12

what are the 5 kingdoms

Answer 12

animal
plant
fungi
protist
monera (prokaryote)

Question 13

what is the 3 domain scheme

Answer 13

archaea
eubacteria
eukarya

Question 14

what is the animal kingdom

Answer 14

Animals are multicellular organisms whose cells have no cell walls or chloroplasts. Most animals ingest solid food and digest it internally.

Question 15

how many phyllum are in the animal kingdom

Answer 15

23

Question 16

what are arthropods

what are some characteristics

Answer 16

The arthropods include the crustacea, insects, centipedes, and spiders
arthropods have jointed limbs and a hard skeleton known as a cuticle
three segments of the body, head thorax and abdomen
segments have flexible joints

Question 17

types of crustaceans

Answer 17

marine crustacea, freshwater crustacea, land-dwelling crustacea

Question 18

characteristics of crustaceans

Answer 18

exo skeleton
jointed legs on each segment of the body
two pairs of antennae
segmented body (cephalon, thorax, abdomen)
compound eyes

Question 19

what are the characteristics of the insect kingdom

Answer 19

segmented bodies (head thorax abdomen) with a firm exoskeleton
three pairs of jointed legs
compound eyes
two pairs of wings

Question 20

what is the order of taxonomy

Answer 20

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 21

what are invertebrates

Answer 21

invertebrate is a cold-blooded animal with no backbone

Question 22

what are vertebrates

Answer 22

an animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spine

Question 23

examples of invertebrates

Answer 23

spider, octopus

Question 24

examples of vertebrates

Answer 24

snakes, dog

Question 25

what are the 8 classes of invertebrates

Answer 25

``` Protozoa Porifera Coelenterata Platyhelminthes Nematoda Annelida Echinodermata Mollusca Arthropoda. ```

Question 26

characteristics of mammals

Answer 26

``` fur/hair on skin placenta mammary glands external ears (pinna) endothermic ```

Question 27

characteristics of birds

Answer 27

``` skin covered in feathers have 2 legs and wings lay eggs on land have a beak endothermic ```

Question 28

characteristics of reptiles

Answer 28

dry, fixed scales on skin | lay eggs with rubbery shell on land

Question 29

characteristics of amphibians

Answer 29

smooth, moist skin adult amphibians usually live on land larvae live in water lay eggs without shells in water

Question 30

characteristics of fish

Answer 30

loose, wet scales on skin gills to breathe lay eggs without shells in water

Question 31

features of myriapods

Answer 31

many segments of body each segment has 1 pair of jointed legs 1 pair of antennae

Question 32

features of insects

Answer 32

3 part body (head, thorax, abdomen) 3 pairs of jointed legs 2 pairs of wings 1 pair of antennae

Question 33

features of arachnids

Answer 33

2 part body (cephalothorax, abdomen) 4 pairs of jointed legs no antennae

Question 34

differences between monocot and dicot plants

Answer 34

monocots have parallel veins. flower part in 3s | dicots have a network of veins. flower part in 4s/5s

Question 35

what do classification systems aim to reflect

Answer 35

Evolutionary relationships

Question 36

what are sequences in the base pairings of dna used for

Answer 36

means of classification groups of organisms which share a more recent ancestor have base sequences in DNA that are more similar than those that share only a distant ancestor

Question 37

how are fungi adapted to obtain food

Answer 37

feeding hyphae branching produce enzyme large surface area absorb food

Question 38

Explain how the fungus spreads to new sources of food.

Answer 38

spores carried in the wind

Question 39

features of mollusc

Answer 39

muscular foot shell

Question 40

definition of development

Answer 40

increase in complexity of the organism

Question 41

features of prokaryotes

Answer 41

have a cell wall no nucleus have dna no membrane-bound cell organelles

Question 42

mammals features vs fish

Answer 42

mammals have double circulatory system lungs

Question 43

which group has fish and mammals

Answer 43

vertebrates

Question 44

describe the type of evidence that scientists use for classifying organisms

Answer 44

traditionally classification was based on morphology and anatomy modern classification methods use analysing base sequences of DNA similarities in the base sequences sho recent ancestors which show an evolutionary relationship

Question 45

what are prokaryotes and what do they consist of

Answer 45

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. have cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, loop of DNA

Question 46

diff between plant cells and prokaryotes

Answer 46

plant cells do not have flagella, plasmids or a loop of DNA plant cells have membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts and nucleus)

Question 47

what is an organelle-specific only to viruses

Answer 47

protein coat