chem md-term

Question 0

• fundamental or pure
• driven by scientists curiosity or interest in a scientific question
• main motivation to expands mans knowledge
• not to creat or invent something, no commercial value

Answer 0

Basic research

Question 1

Is the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and changes it undergoes

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

• Designed to solve practical problems

- improve the human condition

Answer 2

Applied research

Question 3

Characteristic defunding an entire group of substances or a subgroup of substances used to identify substances

Answer 3

Property

Question 4

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substances (color, shape, size)

Answer 4

Physical

Question 5

Relates to a substances ability to under go a change that transform it into different substances

Answer 5

Chemical

Question 6

A change in a substances that does not involve a change in the identity of the substances

Answer 6

Physical change

Question 7

A change in which one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances with different properties

Answer 7

Chemical Change

Question 8

• malleable -bendable
• ductile - draw sos thing into a wire
• conducts heat
• conducts electricity
• exhibits luster - gold, silver, shine

Answer 8

Properties of metals

Question 9

• some exists as solids, liquids, gases
• brittle as solids
• poor ion conductors

Answer 9

Properties of non-metals

Question 10

All solids
Less brittle and more malleable then none metals
Semiconductors of electricity

Answer 10

Properties of electricity

Question 11

Mass/volume = g/ml

Answer 11

Density

Question 12

In a chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed it can only change form

Answer 12

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 13

1. All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
2. atoms of a given element are identified in size, shape, mass, and other properties
3. Atoms can not be subdivided, created, or destroyed
4. Atoms of differ t combine in simple whole number ratios to form chemical compounds
5. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, so parted or rearranged

Answer 13

Daltons Atomic Theory

Question 14

• used a magnetic field around the cathode tube
• showed electrons affected by magnet
• concluded all atoms contain electrons, electrons are negative, assumes positive matter must exist

Answer 14

J.J. Thomas

Question 15

• Oil drop experiment
• determined the charge in the lab on the electrons
• calculated the mass of the elections

Answer 15

Millikan

Question 16

• gold foil experiment
• showed nucleus is dense and positive, volume of nucleus very small compared to size of the atom, Electrons actually occult very little space but effectively occupy all the space outside the nucleus

Answer 16

Rutherford

Question 17

Positive charge

Answer 17

Proton

Question 18

Neutral charge

Answer 18

Neutron

Question 19

Auto soft the same element with a different atomic mass because of a different number of neutrons

Answer 19

Isotopes

Question 20

The number of particles found in a mole 6.02 x 1023 particle = 1 mole

Answer 20

Avogadro number

Question 21

Equals atomic mass from periodic table expressed in g/mol

Answer 21

Molar mass

Question 22

• atoms absorb energy (fro the heat or electricity) and give off the energy as light
• light can be passed through a spectrum and seen as specific lines of color

Answer 22

Bright line spectrum

Question 23

It is impossible to determine simultaneously the position and velocity of an election

Answer 23

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Question 24

All special only 1

Answer 24

S orbital

Question 25

Peanut shaped 3

Answer 25

P orbital

Question 26

Only 5

Answer 26

D orbital

Question 27

Only 7

Answer 27

F orbital

Question 28

No 2 electrons can have the same 4 quantum numbers

Answer 28

Paulis exclusion principle

Question 29

A 2nd electron is not added to an orbital until the orbital in the sub level contains one electron

Answer 29

Hands Rul

Question 30

Organized elements in order of increasing atomic mass, found elements has similar properties at regular intervals, elements were than grouped together in families

Answer 30

Mendeleev

Question 31

All soft, silvery metals melting point < boiling pout of water one electrons in out shell very reactive

Answer 31

Group 1 Alkali Metals

Question 32

All silvery metals but harder and softer than group 1

Answer 32

Group 2 Alkali earth metals

Question 33

``` Transition elements All metals Less reactive High luster Good conductive ```

Answer 33

Group 3-12 d block

Question 34

Properties vary, some metals, some metallos,

Answer 34

Group 13-18 P block

Question 35

Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I, Ni) | All non-metals

Answer 35

Group 17

Question 36

Noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn)

Answer 36

Group 18

Question 37

Lanthanide serious La = 5d

Answer 37

F block elements