chem sikli sorular

Question 1

What is configuration?
spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule
arrangement of molecules on one plane
arrangement of atoms on one plane
definition of molecular structure

Answer 1

spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule

Question 2

Specify the energetically stable conformation for ethane
inhibited obscured skewed gauche

Answer 2

inhibited

Question 3

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different atoms or groups is called
asymmetrical symmetrical mobile non-chiral

Answer 3

asymmetrical

Question 4

Specify the achiral molecule
benzene
2-hydroxypropanoic acid 2-aminopropanoic acid 3-hydroxybutanoic acid

Answer 4

benzene

Question 5

For which substance is optical isomerism observed?
Alanine Glycine Acrylic acid
methane

Answer 5

Alanine

Question 6

What is the second name for optical isomerism?
Mirror isomerism Cis-trans isomerism There is no correct answer Geometric
isomerism

Answer 6

Mirror isomerism

Question 7

Specify the isomers.
pentine-1 and pentine-2
3-methylpentane and 3-methylhexane
ethene and ethyne
butadiene and butene

Answer 7

pentine-1 and pentine-2

Question 8

What is the name of the isomerism between pentane and isopentane?
Carbon skeleton Substituent positions Geometrical Conformational

Answer 8

Carbon skeleton

Question 9

Which compounds exhibit geometric isomerism?
Butene-2
Butane
Isobutane
Butin

Answer 9

Butene-2

Question 10

What is the second name for geometric isomerism?
Cis-trans isomerism
Metamerism Optical isomerism Enantiomerism

Answer 10

Cis-trans isomerism

Question 11

Isomerism for the specified compounds CH 3 – CH 2 – CH 2 – CH 2 – OH and
CH 3 - CH( OH) – CH 2 – CH 3
refers :
functional group position isomerism
spatial isomerism
carbon chain isomerism
multiple bond position isomerism

Answer 11

functional group position isomerism

Question 12

Specify homologue alkanes With whom it begins phenomenon isomerism
butane
pentane
heptane
propane

Answer 12

butane

Question 13

Isomers are substances:
having the same qualitative and quantitative composition, but different structure
having the same qualitative composition, but different structure
having the same quantitative composition, but different structure
none of the answers is correct

Answer 13

having the same qualitative and quantitative composition, but different structure

Question 14

Projection formulas are used to depict conformations.….
Newman Fisher Misher Rozanov

Answer 14

Newman

Question 15

D- and L - lactic acids is called ….
racemic
optical
enantiomers
diastereomers

Answer 15

racemic

Question 16

Which of these functional groups is considered the main one? -COOH -SO3H -NH2

Answer 16

COOH

Question 17

Characteristic reactions for alkanes
SR АN АЕ SE

Answer 17

SR

Question 18

Select a catalyst for benzene bromination
FeBr3
FeCl3
KCl
MgCl2

Answer 18

FeBr3

Question 19

What is formed during the bromination of toluene?
2,4,6-tribromotoluene 2,4,6-tribromotoluene 1,2,3-tribromotoluene 2,3,5-
tribromotoluene

Answer 19

2,4,6-tribromotoluene

Question 20

What is the mesomeric effect?
this is the transfer of the electronic influence of substituents along the conjugated system of
π-bonds
this is an increase in the electron density in the system
this is a decrease in the electron density in the system
this is a decrease in the energy of the molecule due to conjugation

Answer 20

this is the transfer of the electronic influence of substituents along the conjugated system of
π-bonds

Question 21

What is the inductive effect?
is a redistribution of electron density along the sigma bond
is a decrease in the energy of the molecule due to conjugation
is a redistribution of electron density along the pi bond
is a redistribution of electron density along the sigma and pi bonds

Answer 21

is a redistribution of electron density along the sigma bond

Question 22

By what mechanism does benzene sulfonation occur?
by electrophilic substitution
by electrophilic addition
by nucleophilic substitution
by nucleophilic addition

Answer 22

by electrophilic substitution

Question 23

Electron acceptor Substitutes ( EA ):
Substituents that decrease the electron density in the system
Substituents that increase the electron density in the system
Substituents that do not affect the electron density in the system
Increases the stability of the molecule

Answer 23

Substituents that decrease the electron density in the system

Question 24

How to influence electron donor deputies on mesomeric effect .
Positive
Negative
No effect
Stabilizes the molecule

Answer 24

Positive

Question 25

How influences electron-accepting deputies on mesomeric effect . Negative Positive No effect Destroys the molecule

Answer 25

Negative

Question 26

Select subsequence stages reactions By mechanism SR initiation chain growth chain break

Answer 26

initiation → chain growth → chain break

Question 27

Which hydrocarbons react according to Markovnikov's rule? hydrocarbons with an asymmetrical double bond aromatic hydrocarbons hydrocarbons containing a symmetrical double bond heterocyclic compounds

Answer 27

hydrocarbons with an asymmetrical double bond

Question 28

Specify the color of the solution formed during the interaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons with bromine water colorless red blue brown

Answer 28

colorless

Question 29

What acid is formed during the oxidation of toluene? benzoic acid aromatic aldehyde alcohol phenol

Answer 29

benzoic acid

Question 30

In what diseases is there an accumulation of acetone in the body? for diabetes for inflammation for lung diseases for gastritis

Answer 30

for diabetes

Question 31

What acid is formed during the hydrolysis of ethyl formate? methanoic acid ethanoic acid phthalic acid ethanol

Answer 31

methanoic acid

Question 32

Specify a substance that is not related to carbonyl compounds ethanol ethanal acetone butanone

Answer 32

ethanol

Question 33

Specify the substance that is oxidized by copper (II) hydroxide ethanal propanone alkene acetone

Answer 33

ethanal

Question 34

What substance is oxidized by potassium permanganate in an acidic environment? styrene benzene acetone naphthalene

Answer 34

styrene

Question 35

Which two reagents can be used to determine the non-limiting hydrocarbon content? bromine water Potassium permanganate in a neutral medium Phenols Pyridine

Answer 35

bromine water Potassium permanganate in a neutral medium

Question 36

What compound is diphenhydramine a derivative of ? 2-aminoethanol (ethanolamine) choline betaine serine

Answer 36

2-aminoethanol (ethanolamine)

Question 37

Which molecules contain both hydroxy and amino groups? Amino alcohols Amino acids Oxy acids Oxo acids

Answer 37

Amino alcohols

Question 38

When oxoacids are reduced,... are formed. Hydroxy acids Amino acids Amino alcohols Aldehydes

Answer 38

hydroxy acids

Question 39

What is formed when salicylic acid reacts with carboxylic acids? esters does not react methyl salicylate simple ethers

Answer 39

esters

Question 40

What is formed when gamma -g hydroxybutyric acid is heated? γ-butyrolactone β-lactam β -lactone α-lactone

Answer 40

γ-butyrolactone

Question 41

Pyruvic acid is involved in carbohydrate metabolism and is part of the Krebs cycle. Specify what class of compounds it belongs to? oxo acids catecholamines amino acids oxy acids(hydroxy acids)

Answer 41

oxo acids

Question 42

Specify the qualitative reaction to glycerin glycerol + copper(II) hydroxide glycerol + nitric acid glycerol + sulfuric acid glycerol + calcium hydroxide

Answer 42

glycerol + copper(II) hydroxide

Question 43

What properties do amino acids have? amphoteric neutral basic acidic

Answer 43

amphoteric

Question 44

What compound is formed during the oxidation of cysteine? cystine citric acid lipoic acid methionine

Answer 44

cystine

Question 45

Which compounds contain both a hydroxyl and a carboxyl group in a molecule? oxy acids oxo acids amino alcohols amino acids

Answer 45

oxy acids

Question 46

Specify multifunctional connection glycerin acetoacetic acid glycolic acid glyoxylic acid

Answer 46

glycerin

Question 47

Specify dicarbonic acid fumaric acid lactic acid crotonic acid pyruvic acid

Answer 47

fumaric acid

Question 48

Which connections are formed at heating γ - hydroxy And γ - amino acids ? lactone and lactam lactide and lactim lactam and lactim lactam and diketopiperazine

Answer 48

lactone and lactam

Question 49

Which compound has the maximum number of OH groups ? Glucose Ethylene glycol Glycerol Ethanol

Answer 49

Glucose (5) Ethylene glycol (2) Glycerol (3) Ethanol (1)

Question 50

Name this compound: CH3 – CHNH2 – COOH in the following order: trivial (historical), rational and systematic IUPAC nomenclature

Answer 50

alpha-alanine → alpha-amino propionic acid → 2-amino propanoic acid

Question 51

Select properties of hydroxy acids when heated forms lactide - lactic acid when heated, it forms an unsaturated acid - 3-hydroxybutanoic acid when heated, it forms butyrolactone - 4-oxybutanoic acid

Answer 51

when heated forms lactide - lactic acid when heated, it forms an unsaturated acid - 3-hydroxybutanoic acid when heated, it forms butyrolactone - 4-oxybutanoic acid

Question 52

Specify the vitamin-like substance that is a structural element of complex lipids

Answer 52

choline

Question 53

Nucleic acids contain nucleic bases: cytosine adenine guanine guanine cytosine pyrimidine purine adenine pyrimidine pyridine quinoline purine

Answer 53

cytosine adenine guanine

Question 54

Pyrrole belongs to pi excess systems and is characterized by the reaction: electrophilic substitution electrophilic addition nucleophilic addition nucleophilic substitution

Answer 54

electrophilic substitution

Question 55

Specify bicyclic connection xanthine furan pyrrole imidazole

Answer 55

xanthine

Question 56

Identify a drug that is not a pyrazole derivative paracetamol analgin antipyrine amidopyrine

Answer 56

paracetamol

Question 57

purine grounds nucleic acids refer to: adenine and guanine guanine and thymine adenine and uracil cytosine and uracil

Answer 57

adenine and guanine

Question 58

Which amino acid contains an imidazole ring? histidine proline tryptophan arginine

Answer 58

histidine

Question 59

Specify main forms vitamin RR nicotinic acid, nicotinamide ftivazid, furatsilin anabasine, konin antipyrine, amidopyrine

Answer 59

nicotinic acid, nicotinamide

Question 60

Specify answer describing structure And properties uracil is a 2,4-dihydroxy derivative of pyrimidine is a protein component is an amino derivative of pyrimidine is a DNA component

Answer 60

is a 2,4-dihydroxy derivative of pyrimidine

Question 61

Specify 2 six-membered heterocycle With two atoms nitrogen pyrazine, pyrimidine pyridine, pyrimidine pyrrole, pyrimidine pyrimidine, furan

Answer 61

pyrazine, pyrimidine

Question 62

What is the role of barbituric acid derivatives in medicine? are hypnotics are tonics have a vasodilatory effect lower blood pressure

Answer 62

are hypnotics

Question 63

What cycles does porphin consist of? pyrrole pyridine pyrimidine pyrazole

Answer 63

pyrrole

Question 64

Specify the oxidation product of beta - methylpyridine lower blood pressure nicotinic acid pyridoxal n-methylpyridinium piperidine

Answer 64

nicotinic acid

Question 65

What is furazolidone a derivative of? furan pyridine pyrrole thiophene

Answer 65

furan

Question 66

Specify what properties does pyrrole have? slightly acidic basic strongly basic strongly acidic

Answer 66

slightly acidic

Question 67

Give 2 characteristics of pyridine aromatic heterocyclic compound electron-deficient system pi-redundant system has acidic properties

Answer 67

aromatic heterocyclic compound electron-deficient system

Question 68

According to the nature of the carbonyl group, monosaccharides are classified... Aldoses Simple ethers Complex ethers Heterocyclic compounds

Answer 68

Aldoses

Question 69

General Name carbohydrates V this formula : C 6 H 12 O 6 Hexose Maltose Pentose Tetrose

Answer 69

Hexose

Question 70

Which carbohydrate they call fruit sugar Fructose Glucose Galactose Maltose

Answer 70

Fructose

Question 71

Which percent lactose V cow milk ? 4-5% 2-4% 5-6% 8-10%

Answer 71

4-5%

Question 72

What class of compounds do monosaccharides belong to? Hetero-Polyfunctional compounds Polyfunctional compounds Aldehydes Alcohols

Answer 72

Hetero-Polyfunctional compounds

Question 73

TO which one class carbohydrates relate ribose And deoxyribose ? Aldopentose Aldohexose Aldotetrose Ketopentose

Answer 73

Aldopentose

Question 74

What compound can be used to obtain ethyl alcohol? Glucose Benzol Cumene(Kumol) Phenol

Answer 74

Glucose

Question 75

Which carbohydrates are not hydrolyzed: Monosaccharide Polysaccharides Fructose Starch

Answer 75

Monosaccharide

Question 76

How many stereoisomers are there in aldohexose: 16 2 4 12

Answer 76

16

Question 77

How much carbon dioxide is released during the alcoholic fermentation of one mole of glucose? 44.8 L 22.4 L 11.2 L 67.3 L

Answer 77

44.8 L

Question 78

What reaction can separate aldose from ketose? Oxidation Recovery Dehydration Fermentation

Answer 78

Oxidation

Question 79

What acid is formed during the oxidation of the aldehyde group of aldohexose?/What acid is formed during the oxidation of the aldehyde group of aldohexose? Aldonic acid Gluconic acid Glyceric acid Glucuronic acid

Answer 79

Aldonic acid

Question 80

Which monosaccharide belongs to ketohexoses?/What monosaccharide belongs to ketohexoses? Fructose Mannose Galactose Glucose

Answer 80

Fructose

Question 81

Cyclic forms of monosaccharides by chemical nature Polyacetalss Chelates Ethers Esters

Answer 81

Polyacetalss

Question 82

Monosaccharides that upon reduction form 6-atomic alcohols? fructose glucose xylose inositol

Answer 82

fructose glucose

Question 83

What monosaccharide is part of ATP? ribose fructose glucose mannose

Answer 83

ribose

Question 84

What monosaccharide residues does starch consist of? alfa-glyukopiranoza alpha-fructofuranose beta-glyukopiranoza alfa - glyukozamine

Answer 84

alfa-glyukopiranoza

Question 85

Specify connection that refers to To heteropolysaccharides heparin glycogen dextrin starch

Answer 85

heparin

Question 86

Specify carbohydrate animal organism glycogen cellulose starch raffinose

Answer 86

glycogen

Question 87

Specify polysaccharide Not related To heteropolysaccharides glycogen muramine heparin hyaluronic acid

Answer 87

glycogen

Question 88

Which compound is homopolysaccharide ? dextrin heparin hyaluronic acid chondroitin sulfate

Answer 88

dextrin

Question 89

Xylitol is a sugar substitute for diabetes. Specify the method of obtaining xylitol xylose reduction xylose oxidation glucose oxidation glucose restoration

Answer 89

xylose reduction

Question 90

Which disaccharide is synthesized in the mammary gland? lactose sucrose maltose cellobiose

Answer 90

lactose

Question 91

Which disaccharide is formed at hydrolysis starch ? maltose sucrose glucose lactose

Answer 91

maltose

Question 92

What kind of isomers are glucose And galactose? epimers diastereomers enantiomers trans isomers

Answer 92

epimers

Question 93

Which disaccharide Not is formed at hydrolysis starch ? sucrose glucose maltose dextrin

Answer 93

sucrose

Question 94

Specify polysaccharide Not related To heteropolysaccharides cellulose heparin muramin hyaluronic acid

Answer 94

cellulose

Question 95

Specify heteropolysaccharides/ Geteropolisaxaridlarni belgilang hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate glycogen, dextrin dextrin, chondroitin sulfate hyaluronic acid, dextrin

Answer 95

hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate

Question 96

Specify the properties describing heparin/ Geparinni tavsiflovchi xususiyatlarni ko'rsating heteropolysaccharide of connective tissue, found in the liver homopolysaccharide, exhibits protective action against bacteria monosaccharide, contains pyridine and pyrrole heterocycles constructed from two molecules of D-glucopyranose

Answer 96

heteropolysaccharide of connective tissue, found in the liver

Question 97

Specify homopolysaccharides dextrans, cellulose glycogen, dextrin heparin, muramin hyaluronic acid, dextrin

Answer 97

dextrans, cellulose glycogen, dextrin

Question 98

Select a property describing starch formed in plants during photosynthesis is a heteropolysaccharide a heteropolysaccharide of connective tissue, found in the liver a monosaccharide, contains pyridine and pyrrole heterocycles

Answer 98

formed in plants during photosynthesis

Question 99

Indicate 3 substances that are formed during the hydrolysis of starch maltose dextrin glucose sucrose

Answer 99

maltose dextrin glucose

Question 100

Select disaccharide fragments of cellulose and starch maltose cellobiose erythrose lactose

Answer 100

maltose cellobiose

Question 101

Specify heteropolysaccharide which meets V tendons chondroitin sulfate hyaluronic acid heparin starch

Answer 101

chondroitin sulfate

Question 102

A bipolar amino acid ion is formed: in internal neutralization when interacting with acids when interacting with alkalis when interacting with oxides

Answer 102

in internal neutralization

Question 103

Amino acids are amphoteric compounds because: due to the presence of carboxyl and amino groups in its composition reacts with water forms ethers due to the presence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its composition.

Answer 103

due to the presence of carboxyl and amino groups in its composition

Question 104

What is the name of the closest homologue of glycine: alanine cysteine threonine phenylalanine

Answer 104

alanine

Question 105

What is the mass fraction of carbon in a glycine molecule: 32% 40% 65% 50%

Answer 105

32%

Question 106

Glycine forms a peptide bond in a reaction with : alanine sulfuric acid aniline hydrogen chloride

Answer 106

alanine

Question 107

Glycine and alanine are: homologues conformers hydrogen chloride same substance structural isomers

Answer 107

homologues

Question 108

Alpha -amino acids include compounds in which: Both functional groups are attached to the same carbon atom. Both functional groups are attached to different carbon atoms. One functional group is attached to a carbon atom, and the other to a hydrogen atom.

Answer 108

Both functional groups are attached to the same carbon atom.

Question 109

The removal of a proton from a carboxyl group and the addition of a proton to an amino group results in the formation of: bipolar ion monopolar ion tripolar ion nonpolar ion

Answer 109

bipolar ion

Question 110

The amino acid that does not belong to the left-handed optical isomers is: Glycine Cysteine Phenylalanine

Answer 110

Glycine

Question 111

Essential amino acids include: Tryptophan Serine Glycine Asparagine

Answer 111

Tryptophan

Question 112

What amino acid is not synthesized by the body with phenylketonuria: Tyrosine Lysine Alanine Cysteine

Answer 112

Tyrosine

Question 113

Glycine is used as: anti-stress agent antihypertensive agent antiparkinsonian agents pancreatic diseases

Answer 113

anti-stress agent

Question 114

What reagent is used to protect the carboxyl group? C2H5OН C2H5NH2 C2H5OC2H5 NaOH

Answer 114

C2H5OН

Question 115

Specify the protein that is a component of tendons, skin, blood vessels Collagen Globular Albumin Endorphins

Answer 115

Collagen

Question 116

The primary structure of a protein is… amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain disulfide bond spatial arrangement of a protein molecule

Answer 116

amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain

Question 117

What determines the tertiary structure of a protein: Polypeptide helix spiralization Polypeptide chain formation Oligomer formation Amino acid sequence

Answer 117

Polypeptide helix spiralization

Question 118

How many dipeptides can be obtained from just three amino acids? / How many amino acids can be obtained from just three amino acids?: 6 2 4 3

Answer 118

6

Question 119

What is the main bond in the formation of the primary structure of a protein? Peptide Hydrogen Vodorod Covalent

Answer 119

Peptide

Question 120

The presence of what bonds determines the secondary structure of proteins./What are the secondary structure bonds of proteins? Hydrogen peptide covalent amide

Answer 120

Hydrogen

Question 121

Which of the protein macromolecule structures has a helical shape?/ What are the helical shapes of macromolecules? Secondary Tertiary Primary Quaternary

Answer 121

Secondary

Question 122

What protein structure is characterized by globule formation? Tertiary Primary Secondary Quaternary

Answer 122

Tertiary

Question 123

For which protein was the amino acid sequence first deciphered?/ What amino acid sequences were determined for the first time? Insulin Hemoglobin. Collagen Myoglobin

Answer 123

Insulin

Question 124

Fibrillar proteins include... Keratin Albumin Globulin No correct answer

Answer 124

Keratin

Question 125

What compounds are monomers of protein molecules? Amino acids Glycerin Glucose Fatty

Answer 125

Amino acids

Question 126

The primary structure of proteins is determined by ... amino acid sequence chemical properties of amino acids molecular weight number of amino acids

Answer 126

amino acid sequence

Question 127

Specify the enzyme that breaks down peptide bonds peptidase lysozyme transaminase pepsin

Answer 127

peptidase

Question 128

Between which amino acids is an ester bridge formed in the tertiary structure of a protein? / What amino acids are ester bridges formed between? serine and aspartic acid aspartic acid and lysine cysteine and cysteine leucine and leucine

Question 129

What amino acids are involved in the formation of ionogenic interactions in the tertiary structure of proteins? aspartic acid and lysine serine and aspartic acid leucine and leucine cysteine and cysteine

Answer 129

aspartic acid and lysine

Question 130

Find a substance that is not part of nucleic acids fructose deoxyribose ribose adenine

Answer 130

fructose

Question 131

Specify saponifiable lipids glycerophospholipids terpenes adenine geraniol steroids

Answer 131

glycerophospholipids

Question 132

The consistency of triglycerides is liquid if they contain… a lot of unsaturated fatty acids etheric connections a lot of saturated fatty acids phospholipids

Answer 132

a lot of unsaturated fatty acids