Chem Test 3

Question 1

crystalline solid

Answer 1

well defined repeating patterns, long range order

Question 2

amorphous solid

Answer 2

order only over very short distance

Question 3

how much of an atom is inside when its on a corner

Answer 3

1/8

Question 4

how much of an atom is inside when its on a edge

Answer 4

1/4

Question 5

how much of an atom is inside when its on a face

Answer 5

1/2

Question 6

coordination number

Answer 6

of nearest neighboring atoms bound to a reference atom

Question 7

simple cubic

Answer 7

nothing in the middle, type of cube, CN= 6, 1 full atom inside, 52% packing efficiency

Question 8

body centered cubic

Answer 8

at corners and 1 in middle, CN=8, 2 atoms total inside, 68% packing efficiency

Question 9

face centered cubic

Answer 9

at corners and 6 faces, CN=12, 4 atoms total inside, 74% packing

Question 10

how many atoms inside simple cubic? coordination number?

Answer 10

1 atom

CN= 6

Question 11

how many atoms inside body centered cubic? coordination number?

Answer 11

2 atoms

CN= 8

Question 12

how many atoms inside face centered cubic? coordination number?

Answer 12

4 atoms

CN=12

Question 13

molarity

Answer 13

M, moles of solute/ 1 liter of solution

Question 14

Percent by mass

Answer 14

grams of solute/ 100 grams of solution x 100%

Question 15

Percent by volume

Answer 15

mL of solute/ 100 mL of solution x 100%

Question 16

solvent

Answer 16

higher amount is mixed with solute

Question 17

solute

Answer 17

lesser amount is mixed with solute

Question 18

Saturated

Answer 18

maximum amount of solute is dissolved

Question 19

Unsaturated

Answer 19

more solute is able to dissolve

Question 20

Supersaturated

Answer 20

more than the max is dissolved, usually with heat, causes precipitate

Question 21

why do things mix?

Answer 21

because the energy released when a solution is formed (from solute and solvent) is GREATER than the energy required to separate the solute and solvent from themselves

Question 22

Nonelectrolyte

Answer 22

soluble or miscible covalent compound

Question 23

Weak electrolyte

Answer 23

slightly soluble ionic compound, weak acid or base

Question 24

Strong electrolyte

Answer 24

soluble ionic compound, strong acid or base

Question 25

soluble (M)

Answer 25

[solute] > 0.1M

Question 26

slightly soluble (M)

Answer 26

[solute] btwn 0.01 and 0.1

Question 27

insoluble (M)

Answer 27

[solute] < 0.01M

Question 28

Electrolytes

Answer 28

make ions in solution and can conduct electricity

Question 29

6 strong acids

Answer 29

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4

Question 30

diprotic, triprotic acids are broken down in ____

Answer 30

steps:
H3PO4 -> H+ + H2PO4-
H2PO4- ->H+ +HPO42-
HPO4- -> H+ + PO43-

Question 31

solubility rules

Answer 31

1. Compounds of NH4+ and Group 1A are always soluble
2. NO3-, ClO4-, ClO3- and C2H3O2- are always soluble
3. Cl-, Br-and I- are soluble except with Ag+, Cu+, TI+, Hg2+ and Pb2+
4. SO42- is soluble except with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+
5. Most other ionic compounds are insoluble and for precipitates

Question 32

Ionic compounds are soluble when q1 and q2 are ____ (charges) and r is _____ (diluted): Coulombs Law

Answer 32

small; big

Question 33

Net Ionic Equations

Answer 33

actual chemical reaction that occurs without spectator ions

Question 34

Dilution equation

Answer 34

M1V1=M2V2

Question 35

mass percent

Answer 35

Mass percent= [(moles of element in formula)(molar mass)/molar mass of compound] x 100

Question 36

Theoretical yield

Answer 36

calculated

Question 37

actual yield

Answer 37

experimental

Question 38

percent yield

Answer 38

actual/theoretical x 100