chem test 4 Flashcards
(28 cards)
in the body, fatty acids are stored as _____
triacylglycerols
3 common roles of proteins:
- structure (hair, muscles, nails, cartilage)
- function as enzymes to regulate reactions (digestion + cellular metabolism)
- transport oxygen in the blood via. hemoglobin and myoglobil
what is the central carbon of an amino acid called?
a carbon
what are the two groups of the amino acid
ammonium and carboxylate group
what kind of bond is a peptide bond?
amide bond
the peptide forms between the coo- and the ___ of another amino acid
h3N +
a protein is a polypeptide with _____ amino acids
50 or more
enzymes are biological catalysts that :
- inc. rate of reaction by changing how reaction takes place
- enzymes are not changed in process of reaction
- lower activation energy
enzyme + substrate forms
enzyme-substrate compex
what does the ES provide?
- alt. pathway for reaction
- lower activation energy
____ catalyzes to form the enzyme-product complex
amino acid R groups
amino acid R groups catalyze to form ____
enzyme-product complex
two types of enzyme action
- lock and key
- induced fit
oxidase
catalyzes oxidation of a substrate
dehydrogenase
catalyzes removal or addition of two H atoms and uses a coenzyme
transaminase
transfer of amino group from one substrate to another
kinase
transfer of phosphate groups from one substrate to another
protease
hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins
lipase
hydrolysis of ester bonds in lipids
nuclease
hydrolysis of phosphate ester bonds in nucleid acids
decarboxylase
removal of CO2 from a substrate
deaminase
removal of NH3 from a from a substrate
dehydratase
removal of H2O from a substrate
hydratase
addition of H2O to a substrate
