Chemical/Biological/Nuclear/Radiological warfare

Question 1

Schedule 1 chemical agents are used how

Answer 1

few legitimate uses

Question 2

Schedule 2 chemical agents are used how

Answer 2

small scale use

Question 3

Schedule 3 chemical agents are used how

Answer 3

large scale industrial uses

Question 4

Name three blistering agents

Answer 4

Mustard

Lewisite

Phosgene oxime

Question 5

The chemical agent mustarg smells like

Answer 5

Garlic, onions, mustard, or odorless

Question 6

How to treat mustard exposure

Answer 6

give milk

*don’t induce vomiting

Question 7

Mustard has what effect on eyes

Answer 7

blindess up to 10 days

Question 8

Lewisite smells like

Answer 8

geraniums (flowers)

Question 9

Lewisite contains

Answer 9

arsenic

Question 10

Lewisite may cause

Answer 10

hypotension

Question 11

Phosgene oxime causes skin to have

Answer 11

red ring hives

Question 12

Phosgene oxime causes what respiratory effect

Answer 12

pulmonary edema

Question 13

Phosgene oxime should be treated with

Answer 13

water (flush 5-10 minutes)

Question 14

Name five blood agents that affect the body by inhibiting the use and transfer of oxygen

Answer 14

Arsine
Cyanide
Hydrogen Cyanide
Cyanogen Chloride
Sodium/Potassium cyanide

Question 15

Cyanide smells like

Answer 15

bitter almond or no scent at all

Question 16

What is the MOA of cyanide poisoning

Answer 16

cyanide ions halts cellular respiration by inhibiting cytochrome C oxidase preventing cells from ultilizing oxygen

Question 17

What are CV signs of cyanide toxicity

Answer 17

brady and HTN»hypotension with Tachycardia»brady and Hypotension

*expect falsely elevated pulse oximetry

Question 18

What skin color is noted in someone with cyanide toxicity

Answer 18

cherry red

Question 19

What three drugs are used to tx cyanide toxicity

Answer 19

Amyl nitrate

Sodium nitrite

Sodium thiosulfate

Question 20

Arsine causes damage to

Answer 20

RBC

Question 21

Arsine has what odor

Answer 21

garlic

Question 22

Arsine is spread through

Answer 22

air

Question 23

Name two Choking agents

Answer 23

Chlorine

Phosgene

*cause pulmonary edema and respiratory failure

Question 24

What does chlorine smell like

Answer 24

bleach

Question 25

Phosgene smells like

Answer 25

hay, green corn

Question 26

How long could it take for phosgene symptoms to occur

Answer 26

48 hours

Question 27

Two classes of nerve agents include

Answer 27

carbamates organophosphates

Question 28

what are three carbamates

Answer 28

physostigmine, neostigmine, and pyridostigmine

Question 29

What is an example of organophospates

Answer 29

irreversible pesticides

Question 30

G-series nerve gases include

Answer 30

Tabun Sarin Soman

Question 31

V-series nerve gases include

Answer 31

VX

Question 32

Nerve agents work by

Answer 32

inhibiting cholinesterase>>respiratory paralysis

Question 33

What are early symptoms of nerve agent toxicity

Answer 33

Muscarinic effects | bronchospasm, bradycardia, miosis, SLUDGE

Question 34

What are late symptoms of nerve agent toxicity

Answer 34

Nicotinic effects | Motor>>flaccid paralysis>apnea>death

Question 35

What are three antidotes to nerve agent toxicity

Answer 35

Atropine 2-PAM Benzodiazepines

Question 36

If antidotes for nerve agent given too quickly, what can happen

Answer 36

Resp/cardiac arrest

Question 37

What agent is given as a prophalactic to nerve agent exposure

Answer 37

pyridostigmine

Question 38

Treatment of nerve gas with atropine can lead to Central anticholineric syndrome which manifests how?

Answer 38

``` hyperthermia (from impaired sweating) dry mouth flushed skin (red) mydriasis delirium ```

Question 39

What is the antidote of atropine

Answer 39

physostigmine

Question 40

Name four biologic conditions that cause injury in warfare

Answer 40

anthrax variola viral hemorrhagic fever plague

Question 41

Is inhalational anthrax infectious

Answer 41

no *patient goes thru period of improvement>>>sudden severe symptoms

Question 42

Small pox is caused by a virus and is characterized by

Answer 42

lung infection>>bloodstream>>to surface>>RASH

Question 43

Ebola is known as

Answer 43

Viral hemorrhagic fever

Question 44

Name three toxins

Answer 44

Ricin Botulism Saxitorxin

Question 45

What is the most deadly toxin known

Answer 45

Botulism

Question 46

Botulism works by

Answer 46

binding to presynaptic cholinergic receptors>>>decreaed Ach *flaccid paralysis

Question 47

Saxitoxin effects

Answer 47

sodium channels via blockage *death within minutes with inhalation