Chemistry Of Life

Question 1

Biology means?

Science means?

Answer 1

The study of life

To know

Question 2

Valence electron

Answer 2

Outer most electrons on the last shell

Question 3

Anion

Answer 3

Ion that accepts an electron and will have a negative charged

Question 4

Cation

Answer 4

An Ion that gives an electron and will have a positive charge

Question 5

Covalent bond

What does it look like for a structural diagram?

What does it look like for a molecular diagram?

Answer 5

Sharing of electrons

H-H

H₂

Question 6

Double Bond

Answer 6

A chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms

O₂

O=O

Question 7

Molecule

Answer 7

Formed when two or more atoms are linked together by covalent bonds

Question 8

Polar covalent bonds

Answer 8

Chemical bond where a pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms. An example of this is a water molecule

+H O-
+H

Question 9

Elctronegativity

Answer 9

Is the measure of The tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons towards itself

Question 10

Chemical reaction

Answer 10

Means bonds are being broken ( other than hydrogen bonds)

Question 11

Domain

Answer 11

Is a group of organisms that is the highest of its kind

Question 12

Polarity

Answer 12

Causes hydrogen atom to be attracted to the oxygen atoms in other water molecules

Question 13

Hydrophilic

Answer 13

Substances that dissolve in water and like water

Question 14

Hydrophobic

Answer 14

Things that don’t dissolve in water or don’t like it

Question 15

Solvent

Answer 15

A substance that dissolves things

Question 16

Solute

Answer 16

The things being dissolved in a solvent

Question 17

Hydroxyl

Answer 17

An entity with the formula OH it is an alcohol

Question 18

Calorie

Answer 18

The amount of energy it takes to raise one g of water 1 degree Celsius.

Ex. It take 540 calories to vaporize 1 g of water

Question 19

Ion

Answer 19

An atom gaining a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons

Question 20

Matter

Answer 20

Takes up space and mass

Question 21

Compounds

Answer 21

Consist of two different

Question 22

Atomic mass

Answer 22

Protons and neutrons

Question 23

Atomic number

Answer 23

The number of protons

Question 24

Isotope

Answer 24

Number of neutrons differ in the atomic nucleus

Question 25

What are the 4 element that make up96% of living matter

Answer 25

CHON

Question 26

Carbon is the backbone of?

Answer 26

Biological molecules

Question 27

Organic chemistry

Answer 27

The study of carbon

Question 28

Important functional groups

Answer 28

``` Hydroxyl OH Carbonyl C=O Carboxyl COOH Amino nH₂ Sulfihydryl SH Phosphate -OPO} Methyl CH₃ ```

Question 29

Hydrocarbons

Answer 29

Made up of hydrogen and carbon and they are fatty tissues. Also non polar

Question 30

Macromolecule

Answer 30

Large molecules (polymers) composed of smaller molecules (monomers)

Question 31

What are some organic molecules that are polymers?

Answer 31

Carbs Protein Nucleic acids

Question 32

Amylase

Answer 32

Is in the saliva and breaks down starch ase means starch

Question 33

If it ends in “ose” it means it’s a?

Answer 33

Sugar

Question 34

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 34

Two monomers put together and giving out polymers. Requires taking out of water

Question 35

Hydrolysis

Answer 35

Breaking down with water lysis mean break down

Question 36

Carbohydrates

Answer 36

Sugars: monosaccharides which mean simple sugars ex. Ketose and Aldose Glucose +glucose= maltose which is a disaccharide

Question 37

Starch

Answer 37

Polymer consisting of entirely glucose monomers

Question 38

Glycogen

Answer 38

Glucose monomers major form of glucose in plants

Question 39

Cellulose

Answer 39

Found in The cell wall of plants/ polymer of glucose

Question 40

Lipids

Answer 40

Diverse group of hydrophobic molecules. Do NOT co diet of polymers

Question 41

Where are fats stored

Answer 41

Adipocytes

Question 42

Fatty acids

Answer 42

Vary in lengths and can have double bonds saturated means full of hydrogen and unsaturated mean not full H atoms on opposite sides of the double bind means trans H atoms on the same side mean cis

Question 43

Reduction

Answer 43

Gain electron GER

Question 44

Oxidation

Answer 44

Loss of an electron

Question 45

Benedict’s rest

Answer 45

Tests for reducing sugar Blue for negative Red for positive

Question 46

IKI (iodine potassium iodide)

Answer 46

Tests for starch Yellow for negative Black for positive

Question 47

Buried test

Answer 47

Protein Blue for negative Purple for positive