Cheung Part 2

Question 1

what is the most common form of arthritis

Answer 1

osteoarthritis

Question 2

what is osteoarthritis

Answer 2

progressive, irreversible condition involving loss of articular cartilage, causing pain and deformity

Question 3

what joints are involved in osteomyelitis

Answer 3

weight bearing joints mainly

Question 4

osteoarthritis is associated with what

Answer 4

age
obesity
trauma
mechanical wear and tear

Question 5

what are the symptoms of osteoarthritis

Answer 5

stiffness, pain, deformity

worse at end of day, in the groin for hip OA

Question 6

what are Heberden’s nodes

Answer 6

osteoarthritis nodes at the DIP

Question 7

what are Bouchard’s nodes

Answer 7

osteoarthritis nodes at the PIP

Question 8

what are characteristic of the nodes in osteoarthritis

Answer 8

painful

decreased range of motion

Question 9

what is seen on the x-ray of osteoarthritis

Answer 9

loss of joint space
sclerosis (extra white bone seen where bones touch in image)
subchondral cysts
osteophytes

Question 10

how is osteoarthritis treated

Answer 10

weight loss
PT
bracing
gucosamine/chondroitin
NSAIDS
cymbalta
steroid injection
viscosupplementaiton
arthroscopic debridement
joint replacement

Question 11

what is rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 11

systemic autoimmune disorder with inflammatory synovitis that destroys cartilage
symmetrical distribution of joints

Question 12

what are the criteria for rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 12

4 of the following:
morning stiffness for 1 hours
arthritis of 3+ joints for 6 weeks
systemic arthritis for 6 weeks
rheumatoid nodules
\+RF factor 
radiographic changes

Question 13

what is seen in rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 13

malaise
fatigue
tenosynovitis
CTS
vasculitis
keratoconjucitivitis sicca
pulmonary nodules
inflammatory pericarditis

Question 14

what tests results are seen in rheumaotid arthritis

Answer 14

RF (IgM antibodies to Fc protion of IgG)
HLA-DR4
ESR and CRP elevated

Question 15

what is seen on X-ray of rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 15

bony erosion
joint space loss
(C1 and C2 instability)

Question 16

what physical exam results are seen in rheumaotid arthritis

Answer 16

joint contractures, effusions, deformity
ulnar decimation of hand
PIP and MCP nodules and inflammation
bogginess of the joints

Question 17

how is rheumatoid arthritis treated

Answer 17

NSAIS
steroids
DMARDs (hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, gold, Embrel)
surgery

Question 18

what is septic arthritis and who is it most common in?

Answer 18

infection in the joint

most common in kids from hematogenous spread

Question 19

in septic arthritis what occurs in about 8-12 hours?

Answer 19

metalloproteases cause permanent destruction

Question 20

pain with ROM of joint is seen in what

Answer 20

septic arthritis

Question 21

what are the symptoms of septic arthritis

Answer 21

acute illness
fever
tachycardia
PAIN WITH ROM OF JOINT

Question 22

what is seen in the physical exam of septic arthritis

Answer 22

slight flex to joint

passive ROM is very painful

Question 23

what lab results are seen in septic arthritis

Answer 23

Joint Aspirate = more than 50,000WBC/mm^3
elevated or normal WBC
elevated ESR, CRP
blood culture
xray normal in cure setting

Question 24

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in neonates is

Answer 24

staph aureus
group b strep
(H. flu according to dougherty)

Question 25

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in children under 5

Answer 25

staph a group A strep h. flu step pneumo

Question 26

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in kids from 5 to teens

Answer 26

staph A

Question 27

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in adolescents

Answer 27

gonorrheoeae

Question 28

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in adults

Answer 28

staph A

Question 29

what can cause chronic septic arthritis

Answer 29

TB or lyme

Question 30

how is septic arthritis treated

Answer 30

orthopeadic emergency: surgical washout antibiotics

Question 31

where is ankylosing spondylitis typically found

Answer 31

FI joints Spine stiff joints

Question 32

what is seen in ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 32

``` HLA B27+ RF- Uveitis carditis enthesitis ```

Question 33

Reiter disease occurs after what

Answer 33

urethritis cervicitis dysentery

Question 34

what is Reiter disease

Answer 34

reactive arthritis 2-8 weeks after infection enthesitis, dactilitis, sacroiliitis, conjutivitits chronic recurrent arthritis

Question 35

what is seen in psoriatic arthritis

Answer 35

nail disorders | iritis

Question 36

10-20% of people with IBD (more so with crohns) have what

Answer 36

seronegative spondylitis

Question 37

the seronegative spondylitis associated with IBD and crohns is found where

Answer 37

HLA-B27 | sacroiliitis, sponylitis, and arthritis of the knee and ankle

Question 38

what symptoms are associate with the seronegative spondyloarthropathies

Answer 38

back pain | morning stiffness

Question 39

what exam results are seen in seronegative spondyloarthropathies

Answer 39

FABER (flexion, abduction, external rotation) tests SI joint | Enthesitis

Question 40

what is the treatment for seronegative spondyloarthropatheis

Answer 40

NSAIDS, MTX | surgery