Dougherty Part 6

Question 1

enteritis-associated arthritis is caused by what

Answer 1

liposaccharide stimulate immune response

GI infection from yersinia, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter

Question 2

enteritis-associated arthritis is most often found where and lasts how long

Answer 2

abrupt in knees and ankles

generally clears in less than 1 year

Question 3

psoriatic arthritis seen in what patients and associated with what

Answer 3

10% of psoriasis patients
HLA-B27
HLA-Cw6

Question 4

when is the typical onset of psoriatic arthritis

Answer 4

30-50

Question 5

the pencil cup deformity is seen in what

Answer 5

psoriatic arthritis

Question 6

what sites does psoriatic arthritis affect

Answer 6

50% asymmetric in DIP of hands/feet

can affect large joints

Question 7

psoriatic arthritis can cause what disease

Answer 7

sacroiliac and spine disease

Question 8

what limited extra-articular complications are involved with psoriatic arthritis

Answer 8

conjunctivitis

iritis

Question 9

infectious arthritis in a child less then 2 is most commonly caused by what

Answer 9

H. Flu

Question 10

infectious arthritis in a adolescent/young adult is most commonly caused by what

Answer 10

gonococcus (F>M)

Question 11

infectious arthritis in a elderly and children over 2 is most commonly caused by what

Answer 11

Staph Aureas

Question 12

infectious arthritis in sickle cell disease is most commonly caused by what

Answer 12

salmonella

Question 13

bacterial infectious arthritis due to gonococcus is often what and where

Answer 13

subacute
one joint
knee > hip > shoulder > elbow

Question 14

bacterial infectious arthritis in drug abuses affects what

Answer 14

axial joints

Question 15

Viral infectious arthritis can be caused by what

Answer 15

Parvovirus B19
HCV, HBV
HIV

Question 16

infectious arthritis due to tuberculosis is what

Answer 16

monoarticular typically from adjacent osteomyelitis or hematogenous spread
vertebrae, hips, knees ankles

Question 17

lyme disease can present when after the bite form ixodes

Answer 17

2weeks - 2 years

Question 18

gout is caused by what

Answer 18

uric acid from purine metabolism

Question 19

the crystals seen in gout exhibit what

Answer 19

negative birefringent

Question 20

gout is the end point of what

Answer 20

hyperuricemia

Question 21

what is a tophi

Answer 21

mass deposits of urates

macrophages, lymphocytes, and giant cells

Question 22

if gout is chronic what is common to see

Answer 22

urate nephropathy

Question 23

patients with gout get acute arthritis, why?

Answer 23

monosodium urate precipitation in joint

can become chronic

Question 24

about what percent of the population has hyperuricemia and what percent of that has gout

Answer 24

10% of pop with hyperuricemia

gout in 0.5% of this population

Question 25

primary gout is due to what

Answer 25

``` unknown cause (90%) known enzyme defects (e.g. partial HGPRT) ```

Question 26

in gout where to the monosodium rate precipitates usually occur and why

Answer 26

fingers and toes | precipitates better at lower temperatures

Question 27

what are the phases of gout

Answer 27

asymptomatic hyperuricemia acute arthritis intercritical grout chronic tophaceous gout

Question 28

the acute arthritis caused by gout is normally found where

Answer 28

first MTP joint foot

Question 29

tophi are pathognomonic of what

Answer 29

gout

Question 30

tophaceous arthritis is found where and what happens

Answer 30

joints and periarticular tissue | inflammation destroys synovium, joint and adjacent bone

Question 31

what are the risk factors for primary gout

Answer 31

``` over 30 years of age genetic predisposition heavy drinking obesity drugs lead toxicity ```

Question 32

what drugs cause gout

Answer 32

thiazides

Question 33

calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) is also known as what

Answer 33

pseudogout or chondrocalcinosis

Question 34

calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) is typically found in what patients and where

Answer 34

over 50 years old (increases to 50% at 85 years) | found in knee > wrist

Question 35

the crystals in calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) sow what

Answer 35

positive birefringent

Question 36

where are the crystals in CPPF first seen

Answer 36

articular matrix, menisci, and intervertebral disc

Question 37

when the crystals in CPPD are released into a joint what happens

Answer 37

acute inflammation followed by chronic inflammation and fibrosis

Question 38

white chalky deposits are seeing what

Answer 38

calcium pyrophosphate crystal disease (CPPD)

Question 39

what is a ganglion cyst

Answer 39

less than 2cm cyst near joint or tendon sheath

Question 40

what is the most common site for a ganglion cyst

Answer 40

wrist

Question 41

ganglion cysts are what type of degeneration of tissue

Answer 41

cystic or myxoid

Question 42

what type of cyst has no communication with the joint space

Answer 42

ganglion cyst

Question 43

what is a synovial cyst

Answer 43

a cyst connected to a joint capsule or bursa

Question 44

what is a baker cyst

Answer 44

popliteal synovial cyst often in setting of rheumatoid arthritis

Question 45

tenosynovial giant-cell tumor what is the neoplastic cell type and what is seen in them

Answer 45

macrophages and giant (macrophage) cells | hemosiderin and lipid vacuoles are in them

Question 46

what is a type of diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumor

Answer 46

pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

Question 47

what is seen in pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

Answer 47

``` lush villous surface locking or swelling (later decreased range of motion) red/brown to yellow from hemosiderin can erode bone and create a mass often recurs after excision ```

Question 48

80% of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is found where

Answer 48

80%

Question 49

a lush villous surface is seen in what

Answer 49

pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) a diffuse tenosynovial giant-cell tumor

Question 50

localized tenosynovial giant-cell tumor is found where

Answer 50

fingers and wrist

Question 51

what is the most common soft tissue tumor of hand (especially fingers)

Answer 51

localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor

Question 52

how does a tenosynovial giant cell tumor present

Answer 52

well circumscribed often attached to synovium or tendon slow growing painless