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PaedsJaz > Child psychiatry > Flashcards

Child psychiatry Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

the 4Ps formulation model stands for

A

predisposing
precipitating
perpetuating
protective

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2
Q

DALY =

A

disability adjusted life year

measure of overal disease burden, expressed as years lost due to ill health, disability or early death

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3
Q

leading cause of mortality in 15-29yos

A

suicide

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4
Q

___% of mental health problems start before 18yo

A

75%

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5
Q

attachment =

A

strong emotional tie that develops over time between an infant and primary caregiver(s).
Special and specific affective/emotional relationship

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6
Q

4 principles behind the theory of what attachment allows kids to do

A 
proximity maintenance (stay close to those attached to)
safe haven (return in times of stress)
secure base (to explore from)
separation distress (anxiety if carer anxious)
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7
Q

strange situation test 8 episodes =

A 
mum baby and experimenter
m +b
m+b+ stranger
s+ b
m + b 
b alone
s+b
m + b
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8
Q

secure attachment signs =

A 
child readily explores
use carer as secure base
confident
easily put down
carer = tuned in to child's needs, engaging
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9
Q

anxious attachment: avoidant signs

A

ignores carer on their return
stranger treated same as carer
carer = disinterested

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10
Q

anxious attachment: ambivalent signs

A

unsure how to respond to carer
cant deal with attention
carer = unpredictable

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11
Q

temperament =

A

inherent, constitutionally based characteristics that constitute the core of personality and influence directions for development

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12
Q

9 NYLS dimensions for temperament

A 
activity level
approach/withdrawal 
adaptability
mood
threshold
intensity
distractability
rhythmicity
attention span/persistence
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13
Q

if experience chronic adversity a child is more likely to be resilient if:

A

+ve carer relationship (attachment)
good learner/problem solver (temperament)
engaging to others (temperament)
feel competent and self-esteem (system)

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14
Q

age of a toddler =

A

1-3yo

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15
Q

age of a pre-schooler =

A

4-5yo

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16
Q

middle childhood =

A

6-12yo

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17
Q

depression = __+___ deficient

A

serotonin and dopamine

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18
Q

schizophrenia = __+__ deficient

A

glutamate and dopamine

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19
Q

at birth brain is ___% of adult brain size

A

30%

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20
Q

what time of the year are children more likely to be born with mental health problems and why

A

winter

vitamin D deficient

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21
Q

processes that occur in the brain during adolescence

A

myelination
dendritic and axonal arborisation
grey matter decreases
white matter increases

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22
Q

Id (Freudian) =

A

uncoordinated instinctual trends

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23
Q

ego (freudian) =

A

organised, realism - mediates Id and superego

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24
Q

superego (freudian) =

A

critical and moralising role

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25
Maslow's hierarchy of need from bottom to top (5)
``` physiological safety love/beonging esteem self-actualisation ```
26
Piaget 0-2yo stage =
sensorimotor - co-ordinate senses with motor response, develop object permanence, curiosity
27
4 stages of Piaget's theory of cognitive development
sensorimotor (0-2yo) preoperational (2-7) concrete operational (7-11) formal operations (11+)
28
Piaget 2-7yo stage
preoperational - egocentric develop understanding of conservation
29
Piaget 7-11yo stage
concrete operational | - concepts attached to concrete situations
30
Piaget 11+ stage:
formal operations hypothetical, theoretical and counterfactual thinking abstract logic
31
Pavlolv's theory is to do with...
social learning | conditioning - to associate one signal with another to illicit a response eg. dogs salivate at bell
32
shaping = | part of ___ theory
encouraging one behaviour to move towards an end-goal behavious Pavlov's
33
Vygotsky's theory =
need to do shaping in zone of proximal development | otherwise jump is too much
34
Erikson said there was a __+__+__ for each age stage
conflict virtue culmination for old age
35
the recent domain specific development theory =
there are sensitive stages for the development of each domain eg. language, maths etc
36
OCD = a problem with ___
abstract thought - start rituals to control unbidden thought
37
obsession =
an intrusive thought you don't want to be there
38
OCD usually presents at age __ with
11-12yo | cleanliness and safety issues
39
grey matter wanes in adolescence in a __to___ pattern
back to front
40
there is a change in ___ system balance in adolescence
dopamine
41
part of the brain that handles reasoning and other executive functions (eg. wroking memory for problem solving) and impulse control
pre-frontal cortex
42
dopamine system changes in adolescence => ___ syndrome | means take risks and get less ___ from normal +ve experiences
reward deficiency | pleasure
43
11 developmental tasks of adolescence
adjust to: new intellectual abilities new physical sense of self increased cognitive school demands Develop expanded verbal skills develop a personal sense of identity establish adult vocational goals establish emotional and psychological independence from parents develop stable and productive peer relationships learn to manage sexuality adopt a personal value system develop impulse control and behavioural maturity
44
__% of mental health problems established by age 14yo
50%
45
in a family each member has multiple __+__+__
roles attachment relationships temperamental styles
46
the 4 pillars of the family system =
structure connection (communication) pattern (maintain homeostasis) adaptability
47
Level one of team around the child
named person identifies problem
48
level 2 of team around the child
MDT approach
49
level 3 of team around the child
wellbeing concerns escalated to be at risk to CYP
50
3 aspects of social care model =
1 - GIRFEC/SHANARRI 2 - MyWorld Triangle - decide intervention needed 3 - resilience matrix + vulnerability matrix (turn vulnerabilities to resilience; adversity to a protective envnt)
51
in 0-10 days of life your named person is
the midwife
52
if under 5yo then your named person is usually your
health visitor
53
if child comes into clinic and is overly friendly suspect
sexual abuse
54
50% of ___ are associated with ADHD | they tend to be hereditary, more so in boys
conduct disorders
55
advantages of a categorical/diagnostic approach
consistency in clinical approach accurate aeiological research informs Rx and prevention
56
advantages of dimensional/formulation based approach
``` more flexible more systemic understanding more solution focused improve risk assessment and ptnt education reduce "lens effect" ```
57
6 parts of the McMaster's Model for the family system
``` problem solving communication roles affective responsiveness affective involvement behavioural controls ```
58
factors to be considered in the problem solving stage of the McMaster's Model
who identifies the problem? do others agree? do members discuss problem in an effective way? are different solutions considered? is the agreed action taken? is this ensured by the family? is there progress as a result of the action?
59
things to consider in the communication part of the McMaster's Model
Present? - clear/masked, direct/indirect, congruent/incongruent Received and understood? - validated/ignored/disqualified
60
Things to consider in the Roles part of the McMaster's Model:
who allocated them? how accountable is the person for successful undertaking of role? 5 categories = systems management and maintenance; resource provision ; nurturence and support ; sexual gratification ; life skills development
61
things to consider in the affective responsiveness part of the McMaster's Model
members responsive to others' emotional needs? | welfare and emergency responses
62
things to consider in the affective involvement of the McMaster's Model
degree and quality of concern and interest for one another varies between all encompassing closeness (enmeshment), appropriate empathic involvement, narcissistic through to virtual absence
63
categories of behavioural controls in the McMasters Model
rigid flexible Laissez faire chaotic

PaedsJaz (9 decks)

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