Public health and ethics Flashcards
(24 cards)
infant mortality rate =
expressed as __
PRB of a child born in a specific yr/period dying before 1yo
deaths/1000 live births
5 top causes for under 5 mortality globally
premature complications pneumonia intrapartum complications diarrhoea congenital abnormalities
5 top causes for under 5 mortality in sub-Saharan Africa
pneumonia premature complications intrapartum diarrhoea malaria
neonate = __-__ days
0-27days
Rx which ___ matures lungs in premature babies
steroids
2 common causes of diarrhoea in under 5s =
E. coli
rotavirus
4 common causes of pneumonia in under 5s =
strep pneumonia
H. influenzae
RSV
PCP
Rx for diarrhoea in under 5s
ORS (oral rehydration solution)
zinc
if mother has HIV test baby at __++
birth
6wks
6wks after stop breastfeeding
if < 18m this is the screening test used for HIV
virological PCR for HIV D/RNA
if >18m this is the screening test for HIV
serological rapid antibody test
3 measures used to stage HIV
clinical staging 1-4
immunological (CD4 count)
viral load
treatment for HIV =
HAART 2 NRTIs (abacavir, lamivudine) + NNRTI (efavirenz >3yo)/protease inhibitor (kaletra <3yo)
treatment for IRIS (immune reconstruction inflammatory syndrome) - a complication of HIV =
NSAIDs
prophylaxis for HIV =
co-trimoxazole and routine vaccinations
Investigations for tuberculosis
acid fast bacilli (Zeihl-Neelson), interferon gamma release arrays, CXR, mantoux
treat tb longer than normal if __/__/__
tb meningitis
spinal or osteo articular disease
prevention of tb =
BCG
pre and post exposure isoniazid
most severe form of malaria
P falciparum
crosses BBB
investigations for malaria
blood film for microscopy/ rapid diagnostic test
treatment for malaria =
ACT (artemisinin based combo therapy) for 3 days
severe = IM/IV until can take PO
prevention of malaria =
LLIN (long lasting insecticidal nets)
severe acute malnutrition
mid-arm circumference =
wt for ht =
both ___
MAC = <11.5mm
wt for ht =
giving too much fluids too quickly in malnutrition =
heart failure
