Immunisations Flashcards
(17 cards)
acquired immunity increases in __+__ with each exposure
strength and effectiveness
vaccine type that stimulates B, Th and TK cells
live attenuated - most effective
examples of live attenuated vaccines
BCG . MMR . Oral polio vaccine . Chicken pox (varicella) . Influenza . Rotavirus
examples of inactivated vaccines
Polio . Influenza . Hepatitis A and B . Tetanus . Diphtheria . Pertussis . HPV . MenC . MenACWY
inactivated vaccines stimulate + cells
B and Th
toxoid vaccine examples =
diphtheria
tetanus (DTaP)
toxoid vaccines stimulate __+__ cells
Th and B
R0 (basic reproductive number) =
average number of secondary cases due to 1 infected individual in a susceptible envnt
passive immunity (Ig) given if __/__
at risk of severe disease
if have comorbidites
an increased R0 means the number of the population needed to be immune for herd immunity __
increases too
organism that causes diphtheria
s+s
corynebacterium diphtheriae
sore throat
low grade fever
pseudomembrane
5 in 1 vaccine =
diphtheria tetanus pertussis polio HiB
elimination of a disease =
incidence is 0 in a geoographical area - requires continued intervention
eradication of a disease =
permanent reduction of incidence to 0 worldwide - no further intervention methods required
bulging fontanelle =
meningitis
contraindications to getting a vaccine
if immunosuppressed or pregnant
previous confirmed anaphylaxis to same antigen or component
anaphylactic response to egg - yellow fever contraind, MMR safe, flu potentially safe
if acutely unwell infant (mild is ok though)
premature babies should have their immunisations at what age?
chronological age irrespective of how prem they were
