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NASM > chpt 12 > Flashcards

chpt 12 Flashcards

1
Q

The positioning of the musculoskeletal system while the body is motionless.

A

Static posture

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2
Q

Alignment of the body while in motion.

A

Dynamic posture

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3
Q

Moving in a biomechanically efficient manner that maximizes muscle recruitment and minimizes risk of injury

A

Optimal movement

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4
Q

Abnormal movement patterns that can indicate possible muscle imbalances or mobility limitation.

A

Movement impairments

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5
Q

An assessment of a client’s movement patterns and postural alignment during movement or activity; also known as a dynamic postural assessment

A

Movement assessment

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6
Q

Collapsed arch of the foot; also known as flat feet.

A

Pes planus

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7
Q

When elevated neural drive causes a muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction.

A

Overactive

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8
Q

When a muscle is experiencing neural inhibition and limited neuromuscular recruitment

A

Underactive

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9
Q

An assessment that provides insight to deviations from optimal alignment of the body in a standing posture.

A

Static postural assessment

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10
Q

The five areas of the body that are monitored during movement assessments and exercise: foot/ankle, knees, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, shoulders, and head.

A

Kinetic chain checkpoints

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11
Q

An excessive forward rotation of the pelvis that results in greater lumbar lordosis.

A

Anterior pelvic tilt

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12
Q

Knees collapse inward (knock knees) due to hip adduction and internal rotation

A

Knee valgus

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13
Q

Knees bow outward (bowlegged)

A

Knee varus

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14
Q

flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips

A

Pes planus distortion syndrome

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15
Q

anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine

A

Lower crossed syndrome

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16
Q

The normal curvature of the cervical and lumbar spine regions, creating a concave portion of the spine.

A

Lordotic/Lordosis

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17
Q

Postural syndrome characterized by a forward head and protracted shoulders.

A

Upper crossed syndrome

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18
Q
  • assess dynamic posture, core stability, and neuromuscular control of the whole body during a squatting motion
  • 5 reps from an anterior and lateral view
A

Overhead squat assessment (OHSA)

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19
Q

assesses dynamic posture, lower-extremity strength, balance, and overall coordination in a single-limb stance.

A

single leg squat assessment

20
Q

identifies movement impairments and potential muscle imbalances.

A

Pushing assessment & pulling assessment

21
Q

measures muscular endurance of the upper extremities during a pushing movement

A

Push-up test

22
Q

test maximal jump height and lower extremity power

A

Vertical jump assessment

23
Q

test maximal jump distance and lower extremity power

A

Long jump assessment

24
Q

test lateral speed and agility
for clients with athletic goals
Two cones are spaced 10 yards

A

Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)

25
Q

test reaction capabilities, acceleration, and maximal speed.

A

40-yard dash assessment

26
Q

test lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control
two cones are spaced 10 yards, third cone in the middle

A

Pro shuttle (5-10-5) assessment

27
Q

Gastrocnemius and soleus (calves)
Adductor complex (inner thighs)
Hip flexors (muscles near front of hips)

A

Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome (over active) 3

28
Q

Anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles)
Gluteus maximus and medius (butt muscles)

A

Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome (underactive) 2

29
Q

Hip flexors
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)

A

Lower Crossed Syndrome (overactive) 2

30
Q

Gluteus maximus and medius
Hamstring complex
Abdominals

A

Lower Crossed Syndrome (underactive) 3

31
Q

Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
Levator scapula and sternocleidomastoid (neck muscles)
Upper trapezius

A

Upper Crossed Syndrome (overactive) 3

32
Q

Middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids (mid-back muscles)
Deep cervical flexors (muscle deep within the neck)

A

Upper Crossed Syndrome (underactive) 2

33
Q

Gastrocnemius/soleus (calves)
Hamstrings complex

A

Foot and ankle turnout (overactive) 2

34
Q

Anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles)
Gluteus maximus and medius

A

Foot and ankle turnout (underactive) 2

35
Q

Tensor fascia latae (TFL)(muscle near front of hip)
Adductor complex (inner thigh muscles)

A

Knee Valgus (overactive) 2

36
Q

Gluteus maximus and medius
Anterior and posterior tibialis

A

Knee Valgus (underactive) 2

37
Q

Hip flexors (rectus femoris, psoas, TFL)
Lumbar extensors (low-back muscles)
Latissimus dorsi (large back muscle)

A

Low-back arches (overactive) 3

38
Q

Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Abdominals

A

Low-back arches (underactive) 3

39
Q

Hip flexors
Gastrocnemius/soleus
Rectus abdominis and external obliques (superficial abdominal muscles)

A

Excessive forward trunk lean (overactive) 3

40
Q

Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings complex
Lumbar extensors

A

Excessive forward trunk lean (underactive) 3

41
Q

Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major and minor (chest muscles)
Teres major (posterior shoulder muscle)

A

Arms fall forward (overactive) 3

42
Q

Middle and lower trapezius (mid-back muscle)
Rhomboids (muscles near shoulder blades)
Posterior deltoids (back of shoulder muscles)
Portions of the rotator cuff (small muscles that stabilize the shoulder)

A

Arms fall forward (underactive) 4

43
Q

Levator scapulae (posterior neck muscles)
Upper trapezius

A

Scapular elevation (overactive) 2

44
Q

Lower trapezius

A

Scapular elevation (underactive) 1

45
Q

Levator scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid (anterior neck muscles)

A

Head juts forward (overactive) 2

46
Q

Deep cervical flexors (deep neck stabilizer muscles)

A

Head juts forward (underactive) 1

47
Q
  1. Health screening
  2. Physiological
  3. Body composition
  4. Posture and movement
  5. Cardio
  6. Performance
A

Sequence of assessments

NASM (14 decks)

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