Chpt 21

Question 1

Flushing action of urine is a type of __

Answer 1

Defense

Question 2

Urine flow encourages __

Answer 2

DESQUAMATION OF EPITHELIAL CELLS LINING IN THE URINARY TRACT

Question 3

____ are the most common microbial threat to the urinary tract

Answer 3

Normal biota

Question 4

Defenses in the urine are all EXECEPT FOR:
A.acidic pH
B.Lysozyme 
C.Lactoferrin
D.Secretory IgA
E.IgE

Answer 4

except for IgE

Question 5

Is a majr nonspecific defense during childhood and menopause

Answer 5

Mucus

Question 6

What would be a cause of having differently biota in the vagine during adolescence?

Answer 6

Change in pH beginning of adolescence

Question 7

How are kidneys, ureters, bladder, and upper urethra kept serile?

Answer 7

By urine flow and regular bladder emptying

Question 8

After the onset of puberty, estrogen leads to glycogen release in the vagina resulting in ___

Answer 8

Acidic pH

Question 9

Predominance of Lactobacillus, combined with acidic enviromen, discourages the growth of many microorgansims (t/f)

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Candida albicans is not present in the female genital tract (t/f)

Answer 10

False, is present at LOW LEVELS

Question 11

Overgrowth of candida albicans may result in ___

Answer 11

Symptomatic yeast infection

Question 12

Which organisms is the primary biota of the vagina

a. Staphylococcus
b. Lactobacillus
c. Pseudomonas
d. Streptococcus
e. Candida

Answer 12

Lactobacillus

Question 13

Infection of the urinary bladder

Answer 13

Cystisis

Question 14

Infection of the kidneys

Answer 14

Pyelonephritis

Question 15

Infection limited to the urethra

Answer 15

Urethritis

Question 16

Burning pain accompanying urination

Answer 16

Dysuria

Question 17

Presence of blood in the urine

Answer 17

Hematuria

Question 18

UTI’s seen in health care facilities are usually due to:

Answer 18

Catheters!!

Question 19

95% OF UTIs are caused by ___ of the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 19

Normal biota

Question 20

Escheria coli is responsible for 80% of ___

Answer 20

UTI’s infection

Question 21

Back pain and high fever are symptoms of

Answer 21

Pyelonephritis

Question 22

Cranberry products products TREAT ACTIVE UTI’s (t/f)

Answer 22

False, there’s no evidence that cranberry products treat ACTIVE UTI’s

Question 23

___ not transmitted from one person to other but from the GI tract to the urinary system.
- more common in women than men because of the nearnes of the urethral opening to the anus

Answer 23

Community-acquired UTIs

Question 24

A CDC report in 2015 showed that

Answer 24

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis were at their highest rates ever, after decades of progress

Question 25

Urethritis Painful urination Yellowish discharge

Answer 25

Male signs and symtpoms of GONORRHEA NEISSERIA GONORRHOA

Question 26

___ causes major complications on women when the infection accends from vagina and cervix to higher reproductive structures such as uterus and fallopian tubes

Answer 26

Gonorrhea

Question 27

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Answer 27

Salpingitis!!!

Question 28

Salpingitis that includes inflammation of other parts of the upper reproductive tract

Answer 28

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 29

___ is the most common reportable infectious disease in the US

Answer 29

Chlamydia

Question 30

Causative agent of chlamydia

Answer 30

C. trachomatis

Question 31

C. trachomatis is a causative agent of

Answer 31

Chlamydia

Question 32

__ is a frequent secuela of female chamydial infection

Answer 32

PID

Question 33

Inflammation of the vagina

Answer 33

Vaginitis

Question 34

Similar to vaginitis, but does not include significant inflammation

Answer 34

Vaginosis

Question 35

Candida albicans is a

Answer 35

Fungus infection !! (yeast infection)

Question 36

Candida infections of the bloodstream do occurs and have higlhy mortaility rates (t/f)

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Vaginal infections are ___

Answer 37

Nearly always opportunistic

Question 38

Protozoa, does not survive long out of the host

Answer 38

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 39

Which one of the following is not an genital ulcer disease: a. Syphylis b. Chacroid c. Genital Herpes d. HIV

Answer 39

HIV

Question 40

Syphilis causative agent

Answer 40

Treponema pallidum

Question 41

CHANCRE (ulcers) is the ___ syphilis

Answer 41

Primary

Question 42

3-6 month later fever is a sign of ___ syphilis

Answer 42

Secondary syphilis

Question 43

Chancroid is a ___ disease

Answer 43

Ulcerative

Question 44

___ has recurrent episodes of lesions

Answer 44

Genital herpes

Question 45

Can spread even when no lesions are present ___

Answer 45

Genital herpes!!!

Question 46

There's a vaccine for genital herpes (t/f)

Answer 46

False, no vaccine available

Question 47

Human papillomavirus infection is a causative agent of

Answer 47

Genital warts

Question 48

Nearly all sexually active adults will get ___ at some time in their lives

Answer 48

HPV

Question 49

The vast majority of cervical cancers are caused by

Answer 49

HPV

Question 50

Males don't get cancer from infectious from these viruses (t/f)

Answer 50

False, males CAN also get cancer from infection from these viruses

Question 51

Infection with human papillomavirus is

Answer 51

Incurable

Question 52

1. Which of the following i on the CDCs "Urgent threat" list because of its potential resistance to antibitotics? a. staph saprophyticus b. trichonomas vaginalis c. herpes virus d. enterobacteriacea

Answer 52

Enterobacteriacea

Question 53

7. Which of the following bacteria is known to produce substances that rais the local pH a. gardnerella b. E coli c. lactobacillus c. leptospira

Answer 53

Gardenella

Question 54

13. Which part of the urinary tract has te most abundant and diverse microbiome a. lower urethra b. upper urethra c. bladder d. kidneys

Answer 54

Lower urethra

Question 55

16. Bacterial vaginosis is commonly associated with a. Candida albicans b. Gardnerella c. Trichomonas d. anu of these

Answer 55

Gardnerella

Question 56

19. Which of the following STIs is curable with antimicrobials a. HPV b. Herpes c. Chlamydia d. Two of these

Answer 56

Chlamydia