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Microbiology > Chpt 16 > Flashcards

Chpt 16 Flashcards

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1
Q

Harbors a dense network of nerves, blood, vessels, and lymphatic vessels

A

Dermis

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2
Q

___ is the result of a separation of the epidermis and dermis due to friction, trauma or burns

A

Blister formation

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3
Q

Chiefly responsible for keeping the microbial count on the skin relatively low

A

Antimicrobial peptides

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4
Q

Toxic byproducts of fatty acid metabolism inhibit the growth of microorganisms not adapted to the skin environment.

A

Sebum

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5
Q

Low ph and high salt concentration defense of the skin.

A

Sweat

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6
Q

Enzyme found in sweat, tears and saliva

A

Lysozyme

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7
Q

Hundreds of species of microbes, except for some pathogens, inhabit the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers (t/f)

A

False, hundreds of species of microbes INCLUDING some well-known pathogens, inhabit the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layers.

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8
Q

___ causes MRSA

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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9
Q

Signs and symptoms of MRSA

A

Raised, red, tender localized lesions
Features pus and feels hot to the touch
Fever

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10
Q

Transmission of MRSA can happen by

A

Contaminants of all kinds of surfaces

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11
Q

Pathogenesis and virulence factors of MRSA

A

COAGULASE is a diagnostic species characteristic

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12
Q

Culture and diagnosis of MRSA

A

CATALASE distinguishes Staphylococci from Streptococci

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13
Q

Prevention and treatment of MRSA

A

Antimicrobial treatment should include more than one antibiotic

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14
Q

___ is a flat to slightly raised colored bumps

A

Maculopapular

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15
Q

Name two maculopapular rash diseases

A

Measles and rubella

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16
Q

___ is also known as rubeolla

A

Measles

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17
Q

Signs and symptoms of measles

A

Sore throat, dry cough, headache, conjuctivitis, lymphadenitis

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18
Q

This disease is characterized by a red, maculopapular EXANTHEM (widespread rash) that ERUPTS ON THE HEAD and progresses to the trunk and extremities

A

Measles

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19
Q

___ is a prodomal sign in measles

A

Koplik spots

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20
Q

Encephalis is a complication of ____

A

Measles

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21
Q

Subacute sclerosis panencephalitis is a complication in___

A

Measles. EVENTUALLY LEADS TO COMA AND DEATH

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22
Q

___ is one of the most contagious infectious diseases

A

Measles

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23
Q

Vaccine for measles is

A

MMR vaccine

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24
Q

___ also known as german measles.

-SERIOUS DAMAGE CAN OCCUR IN THE FETUS IN UTERO

A

Rubella

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25
Rubella is ___ to the fetus.
Teratogenic. Infection in FIRST TRIMESTER can result in miscarriage or multiple permanent defects
26
Causative agent of rubella
Rubivirus; has the ability to stop mitosis
27
How to prevent rubella
MMR vaccine is given
28
"slapped cheek" is the sign of __
Fifth disease
29
___ is very contagious, presents as a mild case and is diagnosed by clinical presentation
Fifth disease
30
___ Is also known as "sixth disease"
Roseola
31
This disease is characterized by HIGH FEVER and IT APPEARS FIRST ON CHEST AND TRUNK
Roseola
32
This disease can remain latent in the host indefinitely after the disease has cleared
Roseola
33
____ can be caused by either Sthaphylococcus aureus or streptococcus pyogenes, or may be used by a mixture of the two
Impetigo
34
___ characterized by HONEY-COLORED CRUSTS
Impetigo
35
____ caused by infection in the dermis and in the subcutaneous tissues
Cellulitis
36
Lymphangitis and bacterimia is a sign of ___
Cellulitis. Bacterimia could develop but uncomplicated cellulitis has a good prognosis
37
___ is a dermolytic infection | -affects mostly newborns and babies.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)
38
Bullous lesions is a sign of
SSSS
39
Vesicular or pustular rash diseases
Chicken pox | Small pox
40
Very common and mostly benign disease; also viral
Chicken pox
41
Even a single case constitutes a public health emergency; also viral
Small pox
42
Individual lesions that contain fluid
Pox
43
Signs and symptoms of ___ - RASH BEGINS ON SCALP,FACE AND TRUNK, it radiates in sparse crops to the extremities. - lesion distribution is CENTRIPETAL
Chicken pox
44
___ skin lesions progress quickly from macules and papules to itchy vesicles filled with clear fluid
Chicken pox
45
Virus enters the sensory endings of dermatomes AFTER RECOVERY OF CHICKEN POX
Shingles
46
This disease can lead to POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA, involvement of cranial nerves which CAN LEAD TO EYE INFLAMMATION AND OCULAR AND FACIAL PARALYSIS.
Shingles
47
Vaccination for smallpox is still being given throughout the USA (t/f)
False, vaccination for smallpox has been discontinued when the disease was eradicated, but is offered to certain U.S populations.
48
___ PUSTULES FORM FILLED WITH THICK OPAQUE FLUID.
Cutaneous Anthrax (also septicemic, GI, meningitis, and pulmonary)
49
Papule that becomes necrotic and later ruptures to form a painless ____
BLACK ESCHAR. forms in cutaneous anthrax
50
Causative agent of cutaneous anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
51
__ is part of dermatophytes which are a group of fungi | -all conditions have names beginning in 'tinea'
Rignworm
52
(t/f) Fungi invade deeper epidermal layers
False, fungi DO NOT disturb deeper epidermal layers
53
__ is also known as "the windshield of the eye"
Cornea
54
Tears consist of
Lysozyme and lactoferrin
55
What is the role of tears?
Prevents attachment of microorganisms to the eye surface
56
The surface of the eye has ___
Immune priviledge. This means inflammation does not occur in the eye as it does in the rest of the body
57
Which of the following is NOT a natural defense of the eye? a. flushing action of tears b. phagocytes c. lysozyme d. lactoferrin e. mucus
Phagocytes
58
Defenses of the eye
Mucus in conjuntiva and in tears | Lysozyme and lactoferrin in tears
59
To a large extent the eye microbiome is different to the skin (t/f)
False, microbioma resembles the microbiome present on the skin
60
Bacterial infections of the eye produce ___
Milky discharge
61
Viral infections of the eye produce ____
Clear, watery exudate
62
Also known as "pink eye"
Conjunctivits
63
____ infections are caused by NEISSERIA GONORRHOAE and CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS. Transmitted ___ from genital tract infection to the mother.
Neonatal Eye infection. VERTICALLY
64
Only viral conjuctivitis is transmissible by direct contact and are usually highly contagious (t/f)
False, BOTH viral and bacterial conjuctivits are transmissible through direct contact and are highly contagious.
65
For conjuctivitis physicians may prescribe ___ antibiotic
Prophylactic
66
__ signs of invasion of deeper eye tissues and can lead to blindness
Keratitis
67
Acanthamoeba keratitis causes keratitis in ___
People who wear contacts
68
NCLEX1. A nurse specializing in burn care is educating nursing student about skin variations over the body.She states that the thickest skin is found on the ___ and the thinnest on the ___. a. chest,cheeks b. buttocks,nose c. plantar of the foot,eyelids d. abdomen,dorsum of hands
C
69
NCLEX2. A patient has been diagnosed with a MRSA infection in a skin wound. The nurse is entering the patient's room to administer intravenous antibiotics.Which of the following should be worn upon entering room to prevent spread of MRSA? a. gloves b. gown and gloves c. gown,gloves and mask d. gown,gloves,mask and eye protection
D
70
NCLEX3. A patient has been diagnosed with impetigo but has been noncompliant with medical treatment. What complication is associated with untreated impetigo? a. future antibiotic allergies b. measles c. increased likelihood of roseola d. glomerulonephritis e. septicimia
Glomerulonephritis.
71
1. Which of the following infectious agents has evolved to maintain a persistent state in its hosts? a. variola virus b. herpes virus c. vaccinia virus d. staph aureus
Herpes virus
72
4. What is an antimicrobial enzyme found in tears,sweat,and saliva that can break down bacteria walls? a. lysozyme b. beta-lactamase c. catalase d. hyaluronidase
Lysozyme
73
7. Which of the following organisms produces a enzyme that breaks down hydrogen-peroxide? a. strep pyogenes b. staph aureus c. MRSA d. two of these
Two of these(staph and MRSA)
74
10. Which of these techniques has detected the large number of normal microbiota on skin surfaces? a. culturing b. 165 rRNA sequencing c. Antibody probing d. gel electrophoresis
B
75
13. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be a polymicrobial infection? a. measles b. rubella c. leishmaniasis d. impetigo
Impetigo
76
16. Staph aureus is part of differential diagnosis of which of the following diseases? a. impetigo b. maculopapular rash c. both d. non
Impetigo and maculopapular rash

Microbiology (16 decks)

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