chronic kidney disease

Question 1

CKD is defined by presence of kidney damage for how long?

Answer 1

3+ months

Question 2

decr kidney fxn is defined as eGFR under_____per 1.73 m^2

Answer 2

60 ml/min

Question 3

prevalence of CKD

Answer 3

1/10

Question 4

ESRD is more prevalent in whites or blacks

Answer 4

Af Am

Question 5

gold standard to measure GFR

Answer 5

inulin

Question 6

compensatory incr in filtration in the preserved nephron

Answer 6

glomerular hyperfiltration

Question 7

presence of nitrogenous waste products in the blood

Answer 7

azotemia

Question 8

azotemia + S/S that are a result of renal failure

Answer 8

uremia

Question 9

number 1 complication related to CKD

Answer 9

cardiovascular

Question 10

extraosseous calcification characterized by systemic medial calcification of the arterioles that leads to ischemia and subcutaneous necrosis.

Answer 10

calciphylaxis

Question 11

stage 1 tx

Answer 11

tx comorbid conditions, aim to slow progression

Question 12

stage 2 tx

Answer 12

estimate progression

Question 13

stage 3

Answer 13

evaluate and tx complications

Question 14

stage 4 tx

Answer 14

prepare for kidney replacement tx

Question 15

stage 5 tx

Answer 15

dialysis

Question 16

target BP in CKD

Answer 16

under 140/90

Question 17

target urine albumin in CKD

Answer 17

under 30 mg per 24 hrs

Question 18

if urine albumin is >30, then what is bp goal?

Answer 18

under 130/80

Question 19

salt intake should be under____per day

Answer 19

90 mmol

Question 20

patients with GFR under____ are prone to incr_____

Answer 20

under 15 (stage 5); incr ECF

Question 21

anemia is dx’d in CKD in males at Hb_____, in females_____

Answer 21

males Hb under 13

females Hb under 12

Question 22

how often to check for anemia in stage 1-2

Answer 22

when clinically indicated

Question 23

how often to check for anemia in stage 3

Answer 23

annually

Question 24

how often to check for anemia in stage 4,5

Answer 24

2x/year

Question 25

goal Hb with tx in CKD

Answer 25

10-11 g/DL

Question 26

what is the #2 cause of death in CKD

Answer 26

malnutrition

Question 27

what endogenous substance is a uremic toxin

Answer 27

PTH

Question 28

goal for phosphorus levels

Answer 28

keep (Ca)(P) below 55

Question 29

when should you use caution with radiocontrast in CKD

Answer 29

GFR under 60

Question 30

when is it contraindicated to use gadolinium based contrast in CKD unless no alternatives

Answer 30

GFR under 15

Question 31

when should you offer macrocyclic chelate preparation to use gadolinium based contrast in CKD

Answer 31

GFR under 30

Question 32

risk of gadolinium based contrast in CKD

Answer 32

nephrogenic systemic fibrosis