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Flashcards in disorders of Na & water Deck (23)
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1
Q

normal serum sodium

A

134-145 mmol/L

2
Q

what are disorders of Na most often caused by

A

disorders of water

3
Q

is sx severity related to degree of hyponatremia?

A

yes, related to rapidity & severity of hyponatremia

4
Q

what level of serum Na is an absolute indication to tx?

A

serum Na

5
Q

in hypoosmolar states, how do brain cells initially adapt?

A

excrete intracellular osmols–>reduce risk of cellular overhydration

6
Q

in hyperosmolar states, how do brain cells initially adapt?

A

produce intracellular osmols–>prevent cellular dehydration

7
Q

what is osmotic demyelination syndrome

A

severe demyelination of pons

8
Q

severe neuro disorder, paraparesis, dysarthia, dysphagia, seizure, coma, death

A

osmotic demyelination syndrome

9
Q

hyponatremia with normal water excretion

A

primary polydipsia

10
Q

renal failure, CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome are examples of ____volemic cause of hyponatremia

A

hypervolemic

11
Q

hypoaldrenalism, hypothyroidism, SIAD are ___volemic causes of hyponatremia

A

euvolemic

12
Q

inappropriate elevation of ADH despite hyponatremia and euvolemic state

A

SIAD

13
Q

how to tx Hyponatremia + volume depletion

A

0.9 NS

14
Q

how to tx Severe hyponatremia (

A

hypertonic (3%) salive

15
Q

MOA of demeclocycline?

A

incr urinary water loss

16
Q

defense mechanisms against hypernatremia

A

thirst

17
Q

complete failure of ADH production or secretion

A

central diabetes insipidus

18
Q

complete failure of renal response to ADH

A

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

19
Q

primary polydipsia leads to ___natremia

A

hyponatremia

20
Q

diabetes insipidus leads to ____natremia

A

hypernatremia

21
Q

how to differentiate b/w primary polydipsia and diabetes insipidus

A

water deprivation test

22
Q

tx for hypernatremia indicated if Na>

A

155

23
Q

how to tx hypernatremic + volume depletion

A

isotonic, followed by hypotonic